A self-assemble strategy toward conductive 2D MXene reinforced ZrO2 composites with sensing performance

MXene-Based Ceramic Nanocomposites Enabled by Pressure-Assisted Sintering

“…To date, a limited number of studies have been performed on MXene-based reinforcement ceramic composites. − Namely, Ti 3 C 2 T z (the most prevalent MXene) has been added to Al 2 O 3 , , SiC, , Si 3 N 4 , ZnO, SnO 2 , Si 2 BC 3 N, and ZrO 2 . While in some studies the composites had somewhat improved properties, in most cases, there were fundamental issues with the incorporation and stability of MXene in its 2D form and/or insufficient densification.…”

“…31−39 Namely, Ti 3 C 2 T z (the most prevalent MXene) has been added to Al 2 O 3 , 31,37 SiC, 33,36 Si 3 N 4 , 35 ZnO, 32 SnO 2 , 34 Si 2 BC 3 N, 38 and ZrO 2 . 39 While in some studies the composites had somewhat improved properties, in most cases, there were fundamental issues with the incorporation and stability of MXene in its 2D form and/or insufficient densification. For example, in previous attempts to incorporate MXene in alumina, 31,37 MXene was not successfully distributed in the alumina matrix and undesirable TiC or graphitic phases were present after sintering.…”

“…For instance, SPS was successfully used to produce dense nanocomposites consisting of an alumina matrix containing carbon-based 1D and 2D materials like single-wall carbon nanotubes (SWCNT) 49 or graphene oxide (GO). 50 Recently, Dong et al 39 have used SPS to fabricate Ti 3 C 2 T z / ZrO 2 composites with elevated mechanical properties and electrical conductivity.…”

“…Coupled with their many advantageous properties, the 2D nature of MXenes makes them ideal candidates for fillers or reinforcement in composite materials. Thus far, research on MXene-based composites or hybrids has been primarily focused on 2D freestanding, colloidal, or film nanocomposites. − Due to the simplicity of incorporating MXenes into polymers, numerous studies have demonstrated the promise of bulk MXene-based polymers composites, and extensive reviews have been published. − In contrast, relatively few studies have considered bulk nanocomposites based on MXenes incorporated in metallic − or ceramic − matrices, despite the vast potential of such 2D-integrated metal matrix composites (MMC) and ceramic matrix composites (CMC). − This disparity undoubtedly stems from the primary challenges of producing bulk MXene-based composite materials requiring high-temperature processing. These challenges include achieving dense samples with a homogeneous distribution of the MXene, retaining the MXene phase and 2D structure, and preventing adverse chemical reactions between MXene and the surrounding matrix.…”