A Self‐Administered Technique for the Detection of Sexually Transmitted Diseases in Remote Communities

Tabrizi, Sepehr N.; Paterson, Barbara; Fairley, Christopher K.; Bowden, Francis J.; Garland, Suzanne M.

doi:10.1086/517269

Cited by 86 publications

(71 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…Amplification assays such as PCR, when used with minimal or noninvasive patient-collected samples (tampon or first-voided urine), can revolutionize STI testing, particularly for those living in remote geographical areas 5,11,12 . Such assays have the advantage of the stability of nucleic acid in the field, compared with conventional assays which often suffer from transport delays and conditions.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Detection of Chlamydia trachomatis, Trichomonas vaginalis and Neisseria gonorrhoeae amplicons was performed as described previously 5 .…”

Section: Polymerase Chain Reactionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…We have previously shown that patientadministered tampons as a genital sampling technique for detection of STIs by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) technology is an effective and sensitive method for determining STI prevalence, particularly when adapted to populations in remote areas [3][4][5] . Therefore, this methodology was adapted to determine the prevalence of various STIs in female attendees of a sexually transmitted diseases (STD) clinic in Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Prevalence of Sexually Transmitted Infections (Neisseria gonorrhoeae, Chlamydia trachomatis, Trichomonasvaginalis and Human Papillomavirus) in Female Attendees of aSexually Transmitted Diseases Clinic in Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia

Garland

Tabrizi

Chen

et al. 2001

Infectious Diseases in Obstetrics and Gynecology

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Background: Epidemiological data suggest that the prevalence of syphilis, gonorrhea and trichomoniasis has increased in both urban and rural areas of Mongolia. These data are primarily substantiated by notifications of cases of clinically apparent disease in both rural and urban areas, plus laboratory diagnoses from the AIDS/STD Reference Center, Ulaanbaatar. In the past 5 years, however, there has been a marked decline in the total number of patients being screened for sexually transmitted infections (STIs). An assessment of true prevalence of STIs in a female population attending an urban sexually transmitted diseases (STD) clinic was therefore commenced. Methods: Consecutive women attending an STD clinic in Ulaanbaatar had genital samples collected by the insertion and immediate removal of a tampon, which was then tested for the presence of Neisseria gonorrhoeae, Chlamydia trachomatis, human papillomavirus (HPV) and Trichomonas vaginalis, using polymerase chain reaction (PCR) amplification. Results: A total of 110 women were studied (mean age 26.7 years). Overall, 58 (53%) patients had one or more pathogens identified; 43 (39%) had a single pathogen, while 15 (14%) had mixed pathogens. C. trachomatis was found in 15 (14%), N. gonorrhoeae in 12 (11%), T. vaginalis in nine (8%) and HPV in 39 (36%). Among the 39 HPV-positive patients, oncogenic genotypes (16, 18, 31, 33, 35, 39, 45, 51, 52) were found in 17 (44%) patients. Conclusions: Sexually transmitted infections as defined by PCR were common, and found in 53% of female attendees of an urban STD clinic in Mongolia. As infections with conventional STIs increase the risk of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) transmission, it is imperative that strategies be introduced to reduce the prevalence of STIs. Furthermore, detection of oncogenic HPV was common, indicating that it is vital that a strategy to reduce cervical cancer such as a pre-cancer cervical cytology screening program also be introduced.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Detection of Chlamydia trachomatis, Trichomonas vaginalis and Neisseria gonorrhoeae amplicons was performed as described previously 5 .…”

Section: Polymerase Chain Reactionmentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Prevalence of Sexually Transmitted Infections (Neisseria gonorrhoeae, Chlamydia trachomatis, Trichomonasvaginalis and Human Papillomavirus) in Female Attendees of aSexually Transmitted Diseases Clinic in Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia

Garland

Tabrizi

Chen

et al. 2001

Infectious Diseases in Obstetrics and Gynecology

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“…DNA was extracted from a 20-µL aliquot of genital material using a QIAamp DNA purification kit (Qiagen, Chastsworth, CA) per the manufacturer's instructions, and eluted in 200 µl of elution buffer (Qiagen). Overall, in-house PCR assay was performed following the method described by Tabrizi et al [12] and Jensen et al [13]. The PCR products were hybridized and detected using an automated analyzer (Enzymun-Test DNA Detection Assay, Boehringer Mannheim ES System, Germany) following the manufacturer's protocol.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Aetiology of sexually transmitted infections in Maputo, Mozambique

Zimba

Apalata

Sturm

et al. 2010

J Infect Dev Ctries

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Introduction: The study sought to ascertain the prevalence of the aetiological agents of genital discharge and genital ulcer diseases in Maputo, Mozambique. Methodology: Consecutive consenting patients presenting to the Centro de Saúde do Porto in Maputo between March and April 2005 with genital discharge syndrome and/or genital ulcer diseases were recruited. Specimens were collected for the identification of STI pathogens. Results: Of 346 recruited patients, 164 were male and 182 female. The prevalence of confirmed single aetiological agents for male urethritis was as follows: N. gonorrhoeae, 35%; C. trachomatis, 10%; and M. genitalium 4%. For vaginal discharge, N. gonorrhoeae was found in11% of the women tested, followed by C. trachomatis (6.5%), bacterial vaginosis (34%), and T. vaginalis (2%). The prevalence of genital ulcers was as follows: Herpes simplex virus type 2, 62%; H. ducreyi 4 %; and C. trachomatis biovar LGV, 4%. Five percent of patients with genital ulcers had a positive syphilis serology (RPR ≥ 1:8 and confirmed by TPHA) and 35% of all tested patients were HIV-1/2 infected. Cases of mixed infections were present in 5%, 11% and 3% of patients with male urethritis, vaginal discharge, and genital ulcers respectively. Conclusion: The classic sexually transmitted infection aetiologies are still prevalent in Maputo. The study highlights the need for a periodic surveillance to inform syndromic management protocols.

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“…Self-administered vaginal swabs have been used in many recent studies, and are likely to give equivalent results. 22,23 . Urine has been used for evaluation with some nucleic acid amplification tests.…”

Section: Sites Sampledmentioning

confidence: 99%

United Kingdom National Guideline on the Management of Trichomonas vaginalis 2014

et al. 2014

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A Self‐Administered Technique for the Detection of Sexually Transmitted Diseases in Remote Communities

Cited by 86 publications

References 9 publications

Prevalence of Sexually Transmitted Infections (Neisseria gonorrhoeae, Chlamydia trachomatis, Trichomonasvaginalis and Human Papillomavirus) in Female Attendees of aSexually Transmitted Diseases Clinic in Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia

Prevalence of Sexually Transmitted Infections (Neisseria gonorrhoeae, Chlamydia trachomatis, Trichomonasvaginalis and Human Papillomavirus) in Female Attendees of aSexually Transmitted Diseases Clinic in Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia

Aetiology of sexually transmitted infections in Maputo, Mozambique

United Kingdom National Guideline on the Management of Trichomonas vaginalis 2014

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