A selective molecularly imprinted polymer-carbon nanotube sensor for cotinine sensing

Abstract

Conductive composite films comprised of single-walled carbon nanotubes coated with molecularly imprinted poly-4-vinylphenol are produced and characterized using ultraviolet and infrared spectroscopies, confirming the successful molecular imprinting of the film with cotinine. The electrical resistance of the imprinted film changes significantly upon binding cotinine, by more than 30 kΩ, while the unimprinted film in comparison elicits little response. Additionally, once the cotinine template desorbs from the film, the resistance of the imprinted film returns to a value close to the pre-adsorption baseline. Scanning electron microscopy is used to study the morphology of the film compared with the unimprinted control, and gas chromatography quantitatively confirms that the imprinted film selectively detects cotinine while discriminating against the structurally similar alkaloid, nicotine.

Electrochemical cotinine sensing with a molecularly imprinted polymer on a graphene-platinum nanoparticle modified carbon electrode towards cigarette smoke exposure monitoring

“…Recent research has indicated that cotinine is a reliable indicator of smoke exposure [10][11][12][13][14] and that median concentrations of cotinine in human saliva are approximately 13.6 nM in non-smokers, 20.4 nM in those affected by secondhand smoke, and 40-74 nM in smokers depending upon various factors such as gender, age, and smoke exposure duration/intensity (e.g., number of cigarettes smoked) [15]. Such cotinine concentration measurements are typically obtained from laboratory techniques such as liquid/gas chromatography, piezoelectric microgravimetry, surface plasmon resonance (SPR), or chemiluminescence immunoassays [16][17][18][19][20][21][22]. These laboratory techniques are generally time consuming and expensive as they require extensive sample preparation and cleanup as well as specialized personnel and instrumentation.…”

A molecularly imprinted nanofilm‐based quartz crystal microbalance sensor for the real‐time detection of pirimicarb

“…Molecularly imprinted polymers (MIPs) are easily prepared, stable, and cheap, and these materials are produced in large quantities with good reusability; they have been used in many different areas such as biological molecules and analytical applications . Studies in recent years have shown that MIPs have received considerable scientific attention in the field of sensors . In addition, MIPs and their combination with piezoelectric sensors such as quartz crystal microbalance (QCM) sensors have been popular for the selective detection of pesticides …”

Exploiting β-Cyclodextrin in Molecular Imprinting for Achieving Recognition of Benzylparaben in Aqueous Media

“…The removal of the template molecule from the obtained polymer by simple solvent extraction reveals the complementary binding sites that recognize the template molecule from its structurally similar compounds [ 1 ]. Due to their high mechanical and chemical stabilities, ease of preparation, and suitability for a wide range of operating conditions, molecularly imprinted polymers (MIPs) have been developed in various fields, such as solid phase extraction [ 2 ], chromatographic separation [ 3 ], catalysis [ 4 ], membranes [ 5 ], and sensors [ 6 ].…”