A Selective Literature Review on Leak Management Techniques for Water Distribution System

Gupta, Aditya; Kulat, K. D.

doi:10.1007/s11269-018-1985-6

Cited by 100 publications

(51 citation statements)

References 77 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…Leakage detection and location has been an important challenge over the years for urban water management [69]. In the last two decades, significant efforts have been towards efficient leakage management techniques in water distribution systems [70]. Smart data analysis and techniques have also played an important role to address it [71,72].…”

Section: Water Network Partitioning and Leakage Controlmentioning

confidence: 99%

Overview of Energy Management and Leakage Control Systems for Smart Water Grids and Digital Water

et al. 2020

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Current and future smart cities are moving towards the zero-net energy use concept. To this end, the built environment should also be designed for efficient energy use and play a significant role in the production of such energy. At present, this is achieved by focusing on energy demand in buildings and to the renewable trade-off related to smart power grids. However, urban water distribution systems constantly carry an excess of hydraulic energy that can potentially be recovered to produce electricity. This paper presents a comprehensive review of current strategies for energy production by reviewing the state-of-the-art of smart water systems. New technologies (such as cyber-physical systems, digital twins, blockchain) and new methodologies (network dynamics, geometric deep learning) associated with digital water are also discussed. The paper then focuses on modelling the installation of both micro-turbines and pumps as turbines, instead of/together with pressure reduction valves, to further demonstrate the energy-recovery methods which will enable water network partitioning into district metered areas. The associated benefits on leakage control, as a source of energy, and for contributing to overall network resilience are also highlighted. The paper concludes by presenting future research directions. Notably, digital water is proposed as the main research and operational direction for current and future Water Distribution Systems (WDS) and as a holistic, data-centred framework for the operation and management of water networks.

show abstract

Section: Water Network Partitioning and Leakage Controlmentioning

confidence: 99%

Overview of Energy Management and Leakage Control Systems for Smart Water Grids and Digital Water

et al. 2020

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…l ij Q 1.852 ij (10) where C ij is the Hazen-Williams coefficient, d ij is the pipe diameter, l ij is the pipe length, Q ij is the pipe flow, and v ij,k is the diameter multiplier, which simulates the presence of a PRV in the pipe connecting nodes i and j, and is varied by working conditions.…”

Section: The Simulation Of Prvmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…), optimal scheduling of pumps (changing the outlet pressure or turning it on/off), and network partitioning, according to pressure, etc. [10] The installation of PRVs and scheduling of pumps are generally used more often. They are suitable for most water distribution networks.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Leakage Control and Energy Consumption Optimization in the Water Distribution Network Based on Joint Scheduling of Pumps and Valves

Shao

et al. 2019

Energies

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Apart from water quality, leakage control and energy consumption management are the most concerning challenges for water treatment plants (WTPs). The joint scheduling of pumps and pressure reducing valves (PRVs) in the water distribution network can reduce excessive pressure and distribute pressure more evenly, which achieves comprehensive reduction of leakages and energy consumption. Taking into account the main shortcomings of the commonly used methods, such as scheduling pumps or PRVs separately, or optimizing PRV settings when their position is given, etc., this paper has taken the PRV (position and setting) and the working status of variable speed pumps (VSPs) as decision variables and the cost savings contributed by leakage reduction and energy consumption savings as the objective function, which maximized the economic benefits brought by PRV and/or VSP scheduling. A genetic algorithm (GA) was used to optimize the solution under multiple working conditions. The performance of three control strategies (PRV-only scheduling, VSP-only scheduling, and joint scheduling of PRVs and VSPs) are compared to each other based on a small network. Joint scheduling has achieved the best economic benefits in reducing the gross cost (contributed by leakage and energy consumption) of the three control strategies, which results in a leakage reduction of 33.4%, an energy consumption reduction of 25.4%, and a total cost reduction of 33.1%, when compared to the original network, and saving about 1148 m 3 water (7% of the original consumption) and 722 kWh electric energy (25.4% of the original consumption) per day.

show abstract

“…These methods can be overall classified into two categories: equipment‐based and model‐based approaches (Qi et al, 2018). The equipment‐based approaches are progressively developed from the traditional listening rods since the mid‐1980s to the newly emerged equipment such as leak noise loggers, tethered systems, ground penetrating radars, and infrared thermography in recent years (Gupta & Kulat, 2018; Mutikanga et al, 2013). These equipment‐based techniques have greatly improved the effectiveness of leak localization in WDSs.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Efficient Leak Localization in Water Distribution Systems Using Multistage Optimal Valve Operations and Smart Demand Metering

Huang

Zheng

Kapelan

et al. 2020

Water Resources Research

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

This paper proposes a multistage method for burst leak localization through valve operations (VOs) and smart demand metering in district meter areas (DMAs) of water distribution systems (WDSs). Each stage includes partitioning of the DMA into two subregions using VOs and identification of potentially leaking pipes within the subregions through water balance analysis based on smart demand meters. Such a process is performed repeatedly (multiple stages) to narrow down the spatial range for pinpointing leak locations. To improve efficiency, a bisection optimization problem is formulated to localize the minimum leak areas using the lowest number of VOs, which is solved by a graph theory-based method. The utility of the proposed method is demonstrated using two DMAs (DMA1 and DMA2) of a real WDS with different topological properties. Results show that the proposed method can efficiently localize artificial burst leaks in DMA1 within 7-15% of the total pipe length, implying that the proposed method is theoretically effective in localizing pipe burst leaks. The real application to DMA2 has identified two leak regions with 2.3 and 4.2 km of pipe length (around 3-6% of the entire DMA2) using 18 VOs. These two burst leaks have been subsequently confirmed and pinpointed using listening rods by practitioners of the local water utility. These results indicate that the proposed multistage method is effective and efficient for burst leak localization, which can be promising for wide practical applications due to rapid developments of smart WDSs (e.g., smart demand meters or control valves).

show abstract

A Selective Literature Review on Leak Management Techniques for Water Distribution System

Cited by 100 publications

References 77 publications

Overview of Energy Management and Leakage Control Systems for Smart Water Grids and Digital Water

Overview of Energy Management and Leakage Control Systems for Smart Water Grids and Digital Water

Leakage Control and Energy Consumption Optimization in the Water Distribution Network Based on Joint Scheduling of Pumps and Valves

Efficient Leak Localization in Water Distribution Systems Using Multistage Optimal Valve Operations and Smart Demand Metering

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About