A selective hydrometallurgical method for scandium recovery from a real red mud leachate: A comparative study

Salman, Ali Dawood; Juzsakova, Tatjána; Jalhoom, Moayyed G.; Abdullah, Thamer Adnan; Cuong, Le Phuoc; Sebestyén, Viktor; Domokos, Endre; Nguyen, Xuan Cuong; La, D Duong; Nadda, Ashok Kumar; Nguyen, Dinh Duc

doi:10.1016/j.envpol.2022.119596

Cited by 10 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 52 publications

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“…They performed this by using EDTA as a complexing agent to re-distribute the forms of Sc and Fe ions in the removal process. Salman et al [116] investigated the use of hydrometallurgical and pyrometallurgical processes to remove Fe and Sc from RM. He discovered that utilizing D2EHPA was selective in recovering 95% of Sc and 65% of Ti following Fe at pH 1.…”

Section: Extraction Of Scandium In Presence Of Iron From Red Mudmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Overview on Hydrometallurgical Recovery of Rare-Earth Metals from Red Mud

Akcil,

Swami,

Gardas

et al. 2024

Minerals

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Aluminum is produced from its primary bauxite ore through the Bayer process. Although Al is important nowadays in the development of humanity, its production leads to the generation of a huge amount of waste, called red mud. Globally, the estimation of the stock of red mud is about 4 billion tons, with about 10 million tons located in Turkey. The presence of rare-earth elements (REEs) in crucial materials such as red mud makes it a major source of these elements. A number of methods have been developed for treating red mud, which are employed globally to recover valuable products. The application of a suitable method for REE extraction from red mud is a way to overcome the supply risk, contributing to reducing the environmental issues linked to red mud pollution. The current review summarizes the research on red mud processing and examines the viability of recovering REEs from red mud sustainably, utilizing hydrometallurgy and biohydrometallurgy.

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Section: Extraction Of Scandium In Presence Of Iron From Red Mudmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…TBP can increase the extraction efficiency of Sc to 99%, and diethyl ether can increase the extraction efficiency of Fe to 99%. Furthermore, the authors used 1 mol/L HCL to achieve 92.85% of Sc and 100% of Fe [116].…”

Section: Extraction Of Scandium In Presence Of Iron From Red Mudmentioning

confidence: 99%

Overview on Hydrometallurgical Recovery of Rare-Earth Metals from Red Mud

Akcil,

Swami,

Gardas

et al. 2024

Minerals

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“…Because of the higher extraction efficiency of the combined reagents, the solvent extraction procedures have proved to be more effective, which led to high enrichment of metal ions from their trace content in the initial solution [26,[35][36][37][38]. Di (2ethylhexyl) phosphoric acid (HDEHP) modified by tributylphosphate (TBP) has shown to be a promising organic solvent due to high extraction degree Sc, Y, and other rare-earth elements (REEs) [39][40][41][42]. However, these extractants also cause a significant co-extraction of iron [43], so iron removal treatment is recommended for the appropriate application of such a method.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Recovery of Scandium, Aluminum, Titanium, and Silicon from Iron-Depleted Bauxite Residue into Valuable Products: A Case Study

et al. 2022

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Bauxite residue is a high-iron waste of the alumina industry with significant contents of scandium, aluminum, and titanium. This study focuses on the recovery of Sc, Al, Ti, and Si from iron-depleted bauxite residue (IDBR) into valuable products. Iron depletion was carried out using reduction roasting followed by low-intensity magnetic separation to enrich bauxite residue in Al, Ti, and Sc and reduce an adverse effect of iron on scandium extraction. Hydrochloric high-pressure acid leaching, aluminum precipitation by saturation of the acid leachate, solvent extraction of scandium using di(2-ethylhexyl) phosphoric acid (HDEHP) and tributyl phosphate (TBP), alkaline leaching of the acid residue with subsequent silica precipitation were used to obtain appropriate selective concentrates. As a result, scandium concentrate of 94% Sc2O3, crude alumina of 93% Al2O3, titanium concentrate of 41.5% TiO2, and white carbon of 77% SiO2 were prepared and characterized. Based on the characterization of the treatment stages and the obtained valuable products, the prospect for the application of the suggested flowsheet was discussed.

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Rare earth elements, resources, applications, extraction technologies, chemical characterization, and global trade – A comprehensive review

Balaram

2025

Treatise on Geochemistry

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A selective hydrometallurgical method for scandium recovery from a real red mud leachate: A comparative study

Cited by 10 publications

References 52 publications

Overview on Hydrometallurgical Recovery of Rare-Earth Metals from Red Mud

Overview on Hydrometallurgical Recovery of Rare-Earth Metals from Red Mud

Recovery of Scandium, Aluminum, Titanium, and Silicon from Iron-Depleted Bauxite Residue into Valuable Products: A Case Study

Rare earth elements, resources, applications, extraction technologies, chemical characterization, and global trade – A comprehensive review

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