A selective encryption scheme of CABAC based on video context in high efficiency video coding

Li, Jianjun; Wang, Chenyan; Xie, Changsheng; Tang, Zheng; Hui, Guobao; Chang, Chin‐Chen

doi:10.1007/s11042-017-4916-2

Cited by 19 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…Then other syntax elements are introduced to encrypt the HEVC video. Li et al have proved that coeff_abs_level_remaining suffix has remarkable effect on video encryption [18]. Shahid et al encrypted mvd_sign_flag, abs_mvd_minus2 suffix, coeff_sign_flag and coeff_abs_level_remaining suffix [14].…”

Section: Syntax Elements Encryptionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Robust Selective Encryption Scheme for H.265/HEVC Video

et al. 2023

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To protect the information of video stream, many selective video encryption schemes have been proposed based on the H.265/HEVC video. However, most of the existing algorithms are not robust, thus failing to decrypt under packet loss. To further improve the robustness capability of video protection, a robust selective encryption scheme is proposed in this paper. In H.265/HEVC standard, video is encoded into multiple slices, and the slices are decoded independently. Inspired by the feature, each slice is individually encrypted using RC4 stream cipher. The pseudorandom binary sequence (PRBS) for one slice is related to encoding parameters and the SHA-256 hash value of the corresponding slice header, thus ensuring the real-time update of the PRBS and increasing the resistance to chosen-plaintext attack. A two-rounds shifting algorithm is designed to scramble non-zero coefficients of the transform units (TUs), and then motion vector difference (MVD) parameters, quantized transform coefficients (QTCs) and intra prediction modes (IPMs) are selected for encryption. The combination of coefficient scrambling and syntax elements encryption further improves the encryption performance. The proposed scheme is slice-synchronized. Hence, it decrypts normally in the case of packet loss, and supports online real-time interaction. Furthermore, the simulation and analysis results show that the proposed algorithm has format compatibility, high security and low time complexity, which is a promising tool for video cryptographic applications.

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Section: Syntax Elements Encryptionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Robust Selective Encryption Scheme for H.265/HEVC Video

et al. 2023

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“…J. Li developed an HEVC selective encrypting system by encrypting the TR code parameter R and the residual sign [24]. By encrypting luma IPM in addition to the parameter R of TR code, B. Boyadjis improved J. Li and set up a limited encryption scheme and a residual sign [25]. Farajallah has configured the DCT value, DCT sign bits, MVD, MVD sign bits and DQP sign to provide SHVC with a selective encryption schema [26].…”

Section: Related Workmentioning

confidence: 99%

Visual Protection Using RC5 Selective Encryption in Telemedicine

Faragallah¹,

Sallam²,

El‐Sayed³

2022

Intelligent Automation &Amp; Soft Computing

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The dissemination of the COVID-19 viruses now extends the usage of video consultations to share perspectives and virtual medical consultations, save expenses and health procedures, track the success of care proposals with detail, consistency, and ease from moment to time. The research aims to study the security of video consultations. We will also present the advantages and disadvantages of video consultations and the complications of their implementation. This paper mainly proposes a practical, high-efficiency video encoding technique for the new video encoding technique (HEVC) used in video consultations. The technology offered uses the RC5 block encryption algorithm for encrypting the sensitive bits of HEVC with low complexity, short encoding times in real-time implementations, format-compliant HEVC, and constant bitrate. In addition, this paper presents experimental results comparing the proposed HEVC RC5-based selective encryption (SE) algorithm with the other algorithms used in various operating modes using the Advanced Encryption Standard (AES). Also, this paper provides the security analysis of the proposed HEVC RC5-based SE algorithm for video consultation, including; the correlation analysis between the ciphered video and the original one, the histogram of the ciphered video, and the cipher cycle analysis. The security analysis results ensured that the proposed HEVC RC5based SE algorithm for video consultation is safe and stable.

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“…• Boyadjis improved Li 21 scheme and developed a SE scheme by employing encryption for luma IPM, the R parameter of TR code, and the residual sign. 22…”

Section: The Proposed Shvc Selective Encryptionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It uses the AES encryption algorithm to generate a random number and is XORed with the syntax elements 19 Li developed a SE scheme for HEVC by encrypting the parameter R of TR code, and the residual sign 21 Boyadjis improved Li 21 scheme and developed a SE scheme by employing encryption for luma IPM, the R parameter of TR code, and the residual sign 22 …”

Section: The Proposed Shvc Selective Encryptionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Low‐latency selective encryption scheme for scalable extension of high‐efficiency video coding

Faragallah

Sallam

Alajmi

et al. 2022

Trans Emerging Tel Tech

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This article presents a selective encryption (SE) chaotic video stream cipher for the scalable extended high‐efficiency video coding (SHVC) bitstream. The proposed SHVC SE uses a logistic map (LM) for enciphering the motion vector difference (MVD), discrete cosine transform (DCT) coefficients and delta quantization parameter (dQP) sign bits. The SHVC SE chaotic video stream cipher is proposed to secure the most sensitive bits of the SHVC while keeping the video format compliance feature. Also, this paper presents a performance analysis for the proposed SHVC SE and the AES in CFB operation mode. Experimental results illustrate the main feature of using the LM in the proposed SHVC SE, which is lower latency encoding time for the SHVC SE chaotic video stream cipher than using the AES in CFB operation mode. Security investigations are performed on the proposed SHVC SE for ensuring the robustness of the ciphered SHVC digital video against unauthorized attacks.

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A selective encryption scheme of CABAC based on video context in high efficiency video coding

Cited by 19 publications

References 12 publications

A Robust Selective Encryption Scheme for H.265/HEVC Video

A Robust Selective Encryption Scheme for H.265/HEVC Video

Visual Protection Using RC5 Selective Encryption in Telemedicine

Low‐latency selective encryption scheme for scalable extension of high‐efficiency video coding

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