A segmental pattern of alkaline phosphatase activity within the notochord coincides with the initial formation of the vertebral bodies

Grotmol, Sindre; Nordvik, Kari; Kryvi, Harald; Totland, Geir K.

doi:10.1111/j.1469-7580.2005.00408.x

Cited by 73 publications

(85 citation statements)

References 41 publications

(100 reference statements)

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“…The strong similarities in composition between notochord sheath and cartilage matrix, and the fact that col10a1 expression is a prerequisite for cartilage mineralization (Kirsch and von der Mark, 1992) can further explain a requirement of col10a1:nuGFP-positive cells for notochord sheath mineralization. Future experiments analysing the activity of alkaline phosphatase in col10a1:nuGFP cells are needed to confirm the capacity of these cells to facilitate centra mineralization, similar to what has been shown for the notochord epithelium in salmon and zebrafish (Bensimon-Brito et al, 2012b;Grotmol et al, 2005).…”

Section: Osteoblast Progenitor Specification Is Affected In Osx Mutantsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A vertebrate specific and essential role for sp7/osterix in osteogenesis revealed by gene knock-out in the teleost medaka

Gräf

Renn

et al. 2016

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osterix (osx; sp7) encodes a zinc-finger transcription factor that controls osteoblast differentiation in mammals. Although identified in all vertebrate lineages, its role in non-mammalian bone formation remains elusive. Here, we show that an osx mutation in medaka results in severe bone defects and larval lethality. Pre-osteoblasts fail to differentiate leading to severe intramembranous and perichondral ossification defects. The notochord sheath mineralizes normally, supporting the idea of an osteoblast-independent mechanism for teleost vertebral centra formation. This study establishes a key role for Osx for bone formation in a non-mammalian species, and reveals conserved and non-conserved features in vertebrate bone formation.

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Section: Osteoblast Progenitor Specification Is Affected In Osx Mutantsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A vertebrate specific and essential role for sp7/osterix in osteogenesis revealed by gene knock-out in the teleost medaka

Gräf

Renn

et al. 2016

Development

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“…We speculate, however, that this could reflect a compensatory mechanism where the notochord responds to damage of the notochordal sheath. The notochord has previously been implemented in the formation of vertebral bodies in zebrafish and Atlantic salmon (Fleming et al, 2004;Grotmol et al, 2005) and our osteoporotic model may help to gain insight into the role that the notochord plays in vertebral body formation.…”

Section: Research Articlementioning

confidence: 99%

Rankl-induced osteoclastogenesis leads to loss of mineralization in a medaka osteoporosis model

et al. 2012

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SUMMARYOsteoclasts are macrophage-related bone resorbing cells of hematopoietic origin. Factors that regulate osteoclastogenesis are of great interest for investigating the pathology and treatment of bone diseases such as osteoporosis. In mammals, receptor activator of NF-B ligand (Rankl) is a regulator of osteoclast formation and activation: its misexpression causes osteoclast stimulation and osteoporotic bone loss. Here, we report an osteoporotic phenotype that is induced by overexpression of Rankl in the medaka model. We generated transgenic medaka lines that express GFP under control of the cathepsin K promoter in osteoclasts starting at 12 days post-fertilization (dpf), or Rankl together with CFP under control of a bi-directional heat-shock promoter. Using long-term confocal time-lapse imaging of double and triple transgenic larvae, we monitored in vivo formation and activation of osteoclasts, as well as their interaction with osteoblasts. Upon Rankl induction, GFP-positive osteoclasts are first observed in the intervertebral regions and then quickly migrate to the surface of mineralized neural and haemal arches, as well as to the centra of the vertebral bodies. These osteoclasts are TRAP (tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase) and cathepsin K positive, mononuclear and highly mobile with dynamically extending protrusions. They are exclusively found in tight contact with mineralized matrix. Rankl-induced osteoclast formation resulted in severe degradation of the mineralized matrix in vertebral bodies and arches. In conclusion, our in vivo imaging approach confirms a conserved role of Rankl in osteoclastogenesis in teleost fish and provides new insight into the cellular interactions during bone resorption in an animal model that is useful for genetic and chemical screening.

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“…7.1 and 7.2). This tissue is composed by an acellular, fibrous elastic sheath, covering a glycosaminoglycan-rich collagenous layer (Grotmol et al, 2005;Sanatamaría et al, 2005), that encloses and constrains the net of chordocytes in the inner core, surrounded by an outer layer of chordoblasts. Using HE, the chordoblast nucleus is stained by haematoxylin while the notochord is clearly stained with eosin, (Fig.…”

Section: The Vertebrae Of Turbotmentioning

confidence: 99%

Matrix Gla protein in turbot (Scophthalmus maximus): Gene expression analysis and identification of sites of protein accumulation

et al. 2009

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Matrix Gla protein (Mgp) is a secreted vitamin K-dependent extracellular matrix protein and a physiological inhibitor of calcification whose gene structure, amino acid sequence and tissue distribution have been conserved throughout evolution. In the present work, the turbot (Scophthalmus maximus) mgp cDNA was cloned and the sequence of the deduced protein compared to that of other vertebrates. As expected, it was closer to teleosts than to other vertebrate groups but there was a strict conservation of amino-acids thought to be important for protein function. Analysis of mgp gene expression indicated branchial arches as the site with higher levels of expression, followed by heart, vertebra and kidney. These results were confirmed by in situ hybridization with a strong mgp expression in branchial arch chondrocytes. Mgp was found to accumulate in gills where it appeared to be restricted to chondrocytes from branchial filaments, while in vertebrae it was localized in vertebral end plates, in growth zones, in vertebral arches and spines and in notochord cells. In the soft tissues analysed, Mgp was mainly detected in kidney and heart, consistent with previous data and providing further evidence for a role of Mgp as a calcification inhibitor and a modulator of the mineralization process. Our studies provide evidence that turbot, an important new species for aquaculture, is also a useful model to study function and expression of Mgp.

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A segmental pattern of alkaline phosphatase activity within the notochord coincides with the initial formation of the vertebral bodies

Cited by 73 publications

References 41 publications

A vertebrate specific and essential role for sp7/osterix in osteogenesis revealed by gene knock-out in the teleost medaka

A vertebrate specific and essential role for sp7/osterix in osteogenesis revealed by gene knock-out in the teleost medaka

Rankl-induced osteoclastogenesis leads to loss of mineralization in a medaka osteoporosis model

Matrix Gla protein in turbot (Scophthalmus maximus): Gene expression analysis and identification of sites of protein accumulation

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