Image as an essential carrier of data transmission, more and more people pay attention to its security. Although researchers have developed many encryption methods to enhance image transmission security, some have problems such as poor security, long-time complexity, and complicated algorithms. Therefore, this paper proposes a simple and secure encryption method. This method mainly combines chaotic systems with a three-dimensional(3D) linear function iterative system to encrypt images. First, a new chaotic system of 3D linear function iterations is constructed. Then, multiple 3D linear function iterative systems are invoked according to the sequences generated by the disorganized system iteration; finally, the chaotic lines generated by the 3D linear function iteration are operated with color images and gray images, respectively, by dissimilarity. The experimental results show that the scheme has a simple and efficient, low computational cost, good encryption effect, difficult to decipher, and strong key sensitivity encryption effect.