A Secure and Scalable Smart Home Gateway to Bridge Technology Fragmentation

Abstract

Internet of Things (IoT) technologies are already playing an important role in our daily activities as we use them and rely on them to increase our abilities, connectivity, productivity and quality of life. However, there are still obstacles to achieving a unique interface able to transfer full control to users given the diversity of protocols, properties and specifications in the varied IoT ecosystem. Particularly for the case of home automation systems, there is a high degree of fragmentation that limits interoperability, increasing the complexity and costs of developments and holding back their real potential of positively impacting users. In this article, we propose implementing W3C’s Web of Things Standard supported by home automation ontologies, such as SAREF and UniversAAL, to deploy the Living Lab Gateway that allows users to consume all IoT devices from a smart home, including those physically wired and using KNX® technology. This work, developed under the framework of the EC funded Plan4Act project, includes relevant features such as security, authentication and authorization provision, dynamic configuration and injection of devices, and devices abstraction and mapping into ontologies. Its deployment is explained in two scenarios to show the achieved technology’s degree of integration, the code simplicity for developers and the system’s scalability: one consisted of external hardware interfacing with the smart home, and the other of the injection of a new sensing device. A test was executed providing metrics that indicate that the Living Lab Gateway is competitive in terms of response performance.

A brain machine interface framework for exploring proactive control of smart environments

“…5, top, center). The decoding results of the FPGA were read out, translated into actions by a smart-device communication gateway 20 and then wirelessly transmitted to the target smart devices (Fig. 5, right).…”

“…2, 3 ), allowing a low-power, battery-based, on-patient, mobile usage of our technology in the future. The FPGA links to a secure smart home gateway 20 to issue commands for smart devices (Fig. 2, 8 ), allowing future users to proactively control different smart environments securely over open networks.…”

BMDD: a novel approach for IoT platform (broker-less and microservice architecture, decentralized identity, and dynamic transmission messages)

“…Maia and associates ( Simeoni et al, 2021 ) presented IRRISENS, which is designed based on microservices architectures used in agricultural environments to sense soil, crop, and atmospheric parameters. IRRISENS interacted with third-party cloud services to schedule irrigation and could control automatic irrigation.…”

A Comprehensive Survey of Security Issues of Smart Home System: “Spear” and “Shields,” Theory and Practice

“…High fragmentation hinders the interoperability between devices and increases the complexity and the cost of service deployment. An implementation of W3C IoT standards supported by home automation ontologies was proposed in [37], such as SAREF and UniversAAL, to deploy the Living Lab Gateway (LLG), which provides security, authentication and authorization, dynamic configuration and device injection, as well as the ability to abstract and map devices into ontologies for securely using IoT devices in SHS.…”