A Second Validation Study of the Competence Assessment for Standing Trial for Defendants with Mental Retardation (CAST-MR)

Everington, Caroline; Dunn, Charles L.

doi:10.1177/0093854895022001004

Cited by 31 publications

(29 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…Competence Assessment for Standing Trial for Defendants with Mental Retardation (CAST-MR) składa się z trzech części: 1) podstawowe pojęcia prawne -pytania o rolę sędziego w procesie, 2) zdolność do uczestniczenia w obronie, 3) zrozumienie przebiegu postępowania i zarzucanego czynu [31].…”

Section: One Of Them Is Competency To Stand Trial Screen-unclassified

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Defendant’s or convict’s competency to stand trial – forensic psychiatric evaluation

Cynkier¹

2017

amsik

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StreszczenieCelem pracy było zwrócenie uwagi na szczególnie istotne elementy opiniowania sądowo-psychiatrycznego w zakresie oceny zdolności osób oskarżonych lub skazanych do udziału w postępowaniu karnym. Ustalenie poziomu zdolności psychicznych osoby badanej powinno nastąpić poprzez wykorzystanie uporządkowanego wywiadu dotyczącego kilkunastu obszarów procesu sądowego. Należy położyć nacisk na ocenę świadomości oskarżenia, znajomości potencjalnej kary, zdolności podejmowania ważnych decyzji, zaangażowania w obronę, wiedzy o roli głównych osób na sali sądo-wej, rozumienia znaczenia dowodów zebranych w sprawie i ryzyka agresji. Analiza powinna uwzględniać specyfikę zaburzeń psychicznych, wpływ postępowania na przebieg zaburzeń, a także obecność zaburzeń reaktywnych. Pewnym ułatwieniem może być wykorzystanie przez biegłego narzędzi testowych. Oceny sądowo-psychiatryczne mogą nastręczać trudności biegłym, zwłaszcza przy zmieniających się unormowaniach prawnych i interpretacjach przepisów. Uzasadnione byłoby wypracowanie standardów opiniowania w tego rodzaju sprawach, które obowiązywałby z jednej strony biegłych, ale były również respektowane przez organ procesowy.Słowa kluczowe: zdolności psychiczne, postępowanie sądowe, ekspertyza sądowo-psychiatryczna. AbstractThe purpose of this paper was to draw attention to particularly important aspects of pronouncing forensic psychiatric judgment regarding the accused or convicted individuals' competency to stand trial. The level of a person's mental capacity should be established using a structured psychiatric interview concerning a variety of aspects of a trial. Emphasis should be placed on evaluating the defendant's consciousness of the charges, knowledge of the potential punishment, ability to make significant decisions and be engaged in defense, knowledge about the role that particular people present in the courtroom play, understanding of the meaning of the evidence gathered in the case, the risk of aggression. The analysis should take into account the specificity of the mental disorder, the influence of proceedings on the course of disorder, as well as the presence of reactive disorders. Using testing tools by the expert can facilitate the process of evaluation to a certain degree. Forensic psychiatric evaluations can give rise to difficulties for the experts, what with the changing legal regulations and their interpretations. It would be justified to develop the standards of evaluation in this kind of cases, which would on the one hand apply to experts but which would also be respected by the judicial organ.

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Section: One Of Them Is Competency To Stand Trial Screen-unclassified

“…Competence Assessment for Standing Trial for Defendants with Mental Retardation (CAST-MR) consists of three parts: 1) basic legal concepts -questions about the role of a judge in a trail, 2) ability to participate in defense, 3) the understanding of the course of proceedings and the charges [31].…”

Section: One Of Them Is Competency To Stand Trial Screen-mentioning

confidence: 99%

Defendant’s or convict’s competency to stand trial – forensic psychiatric evaluation

Cynkier¹

2017

amsik

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“…A second aim was to compare the scores of fakers with mental retardation to mentally typical criminal defendant fakers to determine whether there were differences in performance of the defendants with mental retardation. A third aim was to compare scores of malingerers with mental retardation with scores of defendants who had been classified as incompetent to stand trial in a previous study (Everington & Dunn, 1994). In studies on malingering competence to stand trial using other instruments, malingerers scored lower than individuals who were classified as incompetent to stand trial (Gothard, Rogers, & Sewell, 1995;Gothard et al, 1995b).…”

Section: Purpose Of the Studymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The CAST-MR is an instrument for determining competence to stand trial, which has been designed for and validated with individuals with mental retardation (Everington, 1990;Everington & Dunn, 1994). Section I of the CAST-MR, Basic Legal Concepts, consists of 25 multiple-choice questions and addresses key concepts relevant to the criminal trial proceeding, such as the jury, judge, prosecutor, and defense attorney, and terms critical to the process, such as felony, plea bargain, and probation.…”

Section: Instrumentationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Because Section III involves privileged information, this section was not administered in this study. Prior validation studies with the CAST-MR using persons with mental retardation indicate that the instrument discriminates between competent and incompetent defendants and has adequate reliability (Everington, 1990;Everington & Dunn, 1994).…”

Section: Instrumentationmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Can defendants with mental retardation successfully fake their performance on a test of competence to stand trial?

Everington

Notario-Smull²,

Horton³

2007

Behavioral Sci & The Law

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The purpose of this study was to determine whether criminal defendants with mental retardation can feign poor performance on a test of competence to stand trial. Four groups of adjudicated criminal defendants were given a test of competence to stand trial. In the experimental condition, defendants with mental retardation (MR) and mentally typical defendants (non-MR) were given instructions to fake their performance on the test. In the control, MR defendants and non-MR defendants took the test under standard conditions. The results indicated that both the MR and non-MR fakers scored significantly lower than the MR and non-MR controls. There was no significant difference in the scores of the MR and non-MR fakers. The results suggest that defendants with mental retardation may be able to successfully fake their performance in certain circumstances. Implications of these findings are discussed.

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Assessment of Competence to Stand Trial

Stafford

2003

Handbook of Psychology

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Competence to stand trial is a constitutional prerequisite to adjudication of criminal cases and essential to preserving the fairness, accuracy, dignity, and autonomy of criminal proceedings. Psychologists are called upon to address the issue of competence more often than any other issue in the criminal law. Increasingly, case law developments and psychological formulations of the concept of trial competence have focused on not only the knowledge‐based or foundational aspects of competence, but the decisional aspects as well. Competency assessment instruments, multiple sources of data, and psychological measures of cognitive functions, personality, and malingering contribute to the evaluation of competency. The task is complicated by the need to consider the relationship between psycho‐legal impairments and symptoms of psychopathology and by the fluid nature of competency across time and across specific case demands. The empirical literature on correlates and factors associated with competence provides some support for the validity of psychological opinions regarding trial competence. Treatment, the needs of special populations, competency assistance strategies, and the problem of the permanently incompetent defendant are further considerations in the evaluation of competence. Psychology makes a significant contribution to the understanding of trial competence through the development of measures, theoretical and empirical research, assessment and treatment, and consultation with courts and attorneys.

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A Second Validation Study of the Competence Assessment for Standing Trial for Defendants with Mental Retardation (CAST-MR)

Cited by 31 publications

References 18 publications

Defendant’s or convict’s competency to stand trial – forensic psychiatric evaluation

Defendant’s or convict’s competency to stand trial – forensic psychiatric evaluation

Can defendants with mental retardation successfully fake their performance on a test of competence to stand trial?

Assessment of Competence to Stand Trial

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