A sea of trade and a sea of fish: piracy and protection in the Western Indian Ocean

Dua, Jatin

doi:10.1080/17531055.2013.776280

Cited by 60 publications

(24 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…Namely, it weakens the capacity of states in the region to take in charge of international maritime security agenda. Given the fluidity of the careers between coastguards and pirates, international means have been previously used for shadow activities (Dua 2013 and. As a consequence, the international community has turned to countries with sufficient and well managed naval power, cultivating both regional cooperation and regional hegemons.…”

Section: Security Piracy and Illegal Activitiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Governing Africa’s Seas in the Neoliberal Era

Dahou¹,

Chalfin²

2019

Oxford Research Encyclopedia of Politics

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As blue growth (widely accepted as the sustainable development in the marine and maritime sectors as a whole) is gaining increasing traction, oceans and seas are seen as new frontiers for global capitalism. In African countries this trend has spurred a new wave of appropriation and control of maritime spaces for the blue economy. At a time of unprecedented expansion of global production and trade, the African continent is facing new challenges in maritime governance. The governance of the seas has profoundly changed in the 21st century with the explosion of maritime transport, the globalization of the exploitation of marine resources, and the growing concern for environmental issues. The idea of an integrated policy of seas and oceans management became a cornerstone of international and national instruments aiming to regulate maritime circulation and exploitation of marine resources. Integrated maritime management policies put emphasis on liberalization of the marine sectors and resources and the security agenda, taken in its broad sense to guarantee freedom of trade and environmental sustainability. These efforts, whose putative purpose is to combine economic, social, and environmental goals, has resulted in an unsteady balance between different sectors, scales, and actors and opened the door to controversies, dissent, and politics. Although the priorities of this global policy agenda continue to transform the maritime governance in Africa, the African states and societies are also actively reshaping it. While African states alter international maritime policies according to their own ends, these are also constantly molded through struggles over norms, resources, and spaces and conflicts arising from the dialectics of possession and dispossession. The text focuses on the four key areas of maritime governance: ports, offshore exploitation, security, and environment. Even though from the perspective of integrated maritime governance these fields are interwoven, they are subject to particular policies. Hence, while focusing on policies in each area separately, it also analyzes their relationships with each other in order to illuminate the complexity of power configurations.

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Section: Security Piracy and Illegal Activitiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Governing Africa’s Seas in the Neoliberal Era

Dahou¹,

Chalfin²

2019

Oxford Research Encyclopedia of Politics

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“…Before zooming in on the case of Somalia, it must be said that when speaking about criminal activity in that context, it is important to acknowledge that clear‐cut distinctions between legal and illegal, lawful and criminal do not exist in the way that this conceptual framework assumes. One example of this is the debate in Somalia about ‘the legality and permissibility of piracy’ (Dua, , p. 361), with Somali pirates seeing themselves as ‘coast guards’ legitimately protecting Somali waters, rather than as criminals (also Bueger, ). Such debates about rather than clear demarcations between lawful and criminal activity is an important factor, as is the extent to which this allows people to ‘move between legal and illegal commerce, formal and informal work with great ease’ (Dua and Menkhaus, , p. 766).…”

Section: Analytical Framework: Poly Criminals and Ballooning Effectsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Poly‐criminal Pirates and Ballooning Effects: Implications for International Counter‐piracy

Jacobsen

2018

Global Policy

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In view of continued international counter‐piracy efforts and these recent incidents, this article takes the five obstacles presented by Percy and Shortland (2013), as its point of departure for an analysis of key developments of importance for Somali piracy since 2013. Specifically, the article firsts offer an analysis and updated version of Percy and Shortland's five obstacles. Second, I argue, that a sixth obstacle should be added. This obstacle is the phenomenon that practitioners as well as academics working with organised crime refer to as ‘poly‐criminals’. Having elaborated on this additional obstacle – with reference to interviews conducted with key actors in Somalia – the third section explicates the policy impact of poly‐criminal pirates; it offers a discussion of what this alternative conception means for external actors’ counter‐piracy engagements, with particular attention to the risk of creating ‘balloon effects’ when addressing a challenge of this kind (poly‐criminals) through too narrowly defined counter‐piracy lenses, mandates and programmes.

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“…This explanation ties into historical regimes of protection money that have existed in Somalia. 26 However, this appears too simplistic, and it does not provide a satisfying account for the timing of organised piracy.…”

Section: Irregular Piracy 1991-2004mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…115 High debt levels and food insecurity forced around [20][21][22][23][24][25][26][27][28][29][30] per cent of the total population between Garacad and Ras Hafun to emigrate, many of whom headed to urban centres like Galkaayo, Garowe and Bosaso. Testimonies from Mereeg (in the Galguduud region to the south) suggest that many fishermen residing in Hobyo and Harardhere also disengaged, and left the area to seek employment elsewhere.…”

Section: Remittancementioning

confidence: 99%

Bloodshed and Breaking Wave: The First Outbreak of Somali Piracy

Westberg

2015

SCIM

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Ten years ago, Somalia suffered its first outbreak of piracy. In early 2005, pirates began appearing hundreds of nautical miles out at sea, attacking and hijacking vessels off the shores of central Somalia. However, the circumstances of this outbreak remain poorly understood. Why did pirate groups originate from an area with a negligible history of maritime predation? The present study explored the environment within which Somalia's first outbreak of piracy occurred, and offers a critical re-think of its origins. Drawing on the author's own extensive fieldwork as well as contemporary reports, the study explored how pirate ventures were launched after the Indian Ocean tsunami on 26 December 2004 had obliterated the coastal economy. The tsunami coincided with the eruption of a deadly and highly destabilising conflict, unprecedented for a coastal area that had remained relatively peaceful since the state collapse in 1991. The tsunami and the establishment of the South Mudug piracy model in Harardhere and Hobyo in 2005 laid the foundation for a decade of ransom piracy.

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A sea of trade and a sea of fish: piracy and protection in the Western Indian Ocean

Cited by 60 publications

References 17 publications

Governing Africa’s Seas in the Neoliberal Era

Governing Africa’s Seas in the Neoliberal Era

Poly‐criminal Pirates and Ballooning Effects: Implications for International Counter‐piracy

Bloodshed and Breaking Wave: The First Outbreak of Somali Piracy

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