A<scp>ssessing</scp> A<scp>lternative</scp> S<scp>ecurity</scp> F<scp>rameworks</scp> F<scp>or the</scp> P<scp>ersian</scp> G<scp>ulf</scp>

Kraig, Michael

doi:10.1111/j.1061-1924.2004.00172.x

Cited by 4 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 5 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…The GCC's mixed record in fostering negative and positive peace is taken into account when examining its contribution to peacebuilding in Yemen. While peacebuilding as a concept has not yet been applied to the GCC, literature exists about its involvement in mediation in the region (Pinfari 2009;Nuruzzaman 2015), the extent to which it could be considered a security community (Barnett and Gause 1998;Koch 2010) and the position of the GCC within the regional security framework in the Persian Gulf (Kraig 2004;Miller 2019). By providing a case study on the contribution of the GCC to peacebuilding in Yemen, this article aims to add to the literature on regionalisation and peacebuilding.…”

Section: (Sub-)regional Organisations and Peacebuildingmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Gulf Cooperation Council and the Failure of Peacebuilding in Yemen

Hoetjes

2021

The International Spectator

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Driven by increasing self-confidence and encouraged by Western states, Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) states have gained a prominent role in multilateral efforts to foster peacebuilding in Yemen since the country experienced increased conflict from 2004 onwards. Based on the "negative and positive peace framework" proposed by Johan Galtung, it is possible to argue that the lack of focus of the GCC on fostering "positive peace" and disagreements between the Gulf monarchies heightened by hyper-nationalist tendencies inhibit the ability of this sub-regional organisation to facilitate peacebuilding in Yemen.

show abstract

Section: (Sub-)regional Organisations and Peacebuildingmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Gulf Cooperation Council and the Failure of Peacebuilding in Yemen

Hoetjes

2021

The International Spectator

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Sustainable regional security in the larger region requires the gradual integration of competing actors, especially regionally isolated ones like Iran and more recently Iraq into inclusive multilateral security frameworks (Ulrichsen, ). As an ‘exclusionary’ RO with strict entry requirements, the GCC never sought to move beyond realist considerations to fulfil this role (Kraig, ). The unprecedented disruptions in the strategic environment in the contemporary Middle East have created opportunities for re‐imagining approaches to conflict resolution, primarily because states have underscored the importance of consensus‐building mechanisms for regional stability and the damage that occurs when they cease to function.…”

Section: The Qatari Model: From Balance Of Power To Security Community?mentioning

confidence: 99%

Managing Regional Conflict: The Gulf Cooperation Council and the Embargo of Qatar

Miller

2019

Global Policy

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

This article will explore the arrangement of and relations between states inside ROs as they move from conflict to negotiation, as well as the different types of negotiations that they choose – bilateral, mediated, multiparty, or hybrid. In doing so, it will illuminate the opportunities that exist at the regional level to develop inclusive regional frameworks for mediation and negotiation and, in the right circumstances, effective security communities. Broadly defined, a security community exists when sovereign states can overcome a lack of mutual trust and difficult regional environments to develop new forms of cooperative security that prioritize self‐restraint and the peaceful resolution of differences and reduce the expectation of the need to resort to organized violence to settle interstate disputes (Adler and Barnett, 1988; Adler and Greve, 2009).

show abstract

“…American strategic thinking in the Persian Gulf reflects a complex set of policy objectives and tactics informed by a variety of theoretical antecedents. Thus, Michael Kraig notes that “[t]he more recent U.S. strategic evolution can be thought of as an imbalance of power and interests (hegemony) based upon both offensive (compellant) and defensive (deterrent) threats used in conjunction with one another” (Kraig 2004:144). Although the Bush administration may have intuitively implemented many Waltzian principles, it rejected others in favor of offensive realism, a belief seemingly predicated on the claim that no U.S. “peer competitor” existed in the Persian Gulf, or elsewhere in the Middle East.…”

Section: Us Strategymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…U.S. strategy in the Persian Gulf takes unmitigated anarchy as given. To cope with this insecurity, and consistent with Kraig's (2004) analysis, the Bush administration unwittingly tried to synthesize offensive and defensive realism to protect its overarching regional goals while simultaneously espousing a vision inspired by democratic peace theory.…”

Section: Us Strategymentioning

confidence: 99%

Evolving Empire: America's "Emirates" Strategy in the Persian Gulf

O'Reilly

Renfro

2007

Int Studies Perspectives

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

This article examines U.S. policy in the Persian Gulf and juxtaposes American efforts in Iraq with those in the Gulf Cooperation Council states. As the U.S.‐led effort to pacify and democratize Iraq continues to founder and with civil war underway in parts of the country, Washington pursues another imperial strategy in the Persian Gulf better suited to American security preferences and more likely to succeed, at least in the short term. In pursuing an “emirates” strategy, Washington seeks to indulge its historic preference for an informal empire in the Gulf that relies on cooperation with pro‐American monarchs. While the Bush administration has touted Iraq's potential to remake the Middle East into a democratic haven, America seems prepared to rely on familiar autocrats to help it tackle terrorists in Southwest Asia and preserve Western access to critical supplies of hydrocarbons should Iraq's democratic rehabilitation prove unsuccessful.

show abstract

Assessing Alternative Security Frameworks For the Persian Gulf

Cited by 4 publications

References 5 publications

The Gulf Cooperation Council and the Failure of Peacebuilding in Yemen

The Gulf Cooperation Council and the Failure of Peacebuilding in Yemen

Managing Regional Conflict: The Gulf Cooperation Council and the Embargo of Qatar

Evolving Empire: America's "Emirates" Strategy in the Persian Gulf

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About