A Scoping Study of Livestock Antimicrobials in Agricultural Streams of Alberta

Forrest, F.; Lorenz, Kristen; Thompson, T.S.; Keenliside, Julia; Kendall, J.D.; Charest, Jollin

doi:10.4296/cwrj3601001

Cited by 30 publications

(22 citation statements)

References 33 publications

(49 reference statements)

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“…In Canada, veterinary antimicrobials have been reported in streams and rivers in the provinces of Alberta (Forrest et al., ), Saskatchewan (Waiser, Humphries, Tumber, & Holm, ), and Ontario (Lissemore et al., ), as well as in Saskatchewan wetlands and farm dugouts (small constructed reservoirs) (Kuchta & Cessna, ; Kuchta et al., ). The presence of veterinary antimicrobials in surface waters is a concern because they may reduce primary productivity in these waters due to toxicity to fish (Botelho et al., ), aquatic algae (González‐Pleiter et al., ; Halling‐Sørensen, ), bacteria (González‐Pleiter et al., ; Robinson, Belden, & Lydy, ), crustaceans (Freitas, Rocha, & Espíndola, ; Kołodziejska et al., ) and plants (Brain et al., ; Robinson et al., ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Persistence of the antimicrobials lincomycin, chlortetracycline, and sulfamethazine in prairie wetlands

et al. 2020

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Antimicrobials used in livestock production can be present in manure via excretion in the feces and/or urine. Application of raw or processed (composted or stockpiled) manure to crop and pasture land as a plant nutrient source can result in antimicrobial transport to surface waters via rainfall or snowmelt runoff. Little is known regarding antimicrobial persistence in aquatic ecosystems. Consequently, dissipation of environmentally relevant concentrations of three veterinary antimicrobials (lincomycin, chlortetracycline, and sulfamethazine) was studied in three wetlands on the Canadian Prairies. Study wetlands were fortified in the fall to simulate antimicrobial transport via rainfall runoff from fall manure applications to the wetland catchments. After fortification, water column concentrations of all three antimicrobials decreased through September and October. Plotting natural logarithm values of antimicrobial concentration against time resulted in linear relationships for all three antimicrobials, indicating that the summation of all dissipation processes for each antimicrobial could be described by first‐order kinetics. The slopes of the three plots were significantly different, indicating that the order of dissipation was lincomycin < sulfamethazine < chlortetracycline. Consequently, the dissipation DT50 (time required for 50% antimicrobial dissipation) values for lincomycin (14.0 d), sulfamethazine (7.0 d), and chlortetracycline (3.3 d) were significantly different. The longer DT50 values of lincomycin and sulfamethazine suggest that environmentally relevant concentrations of these antimicrobials may affect bacterial production in prairie wetlands.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Persistence of the antimicrobials lincomycin, chlortetracycline, and sulfamethazine in prairie wetlands

et al. 2020

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“…There is very limited information about the effects of antimicrobials or their metabolites on the environment and human health (Boxall et al, 2003). Contamination of surface water (Campagnolo et al, 2002; Christian et al, 2003; Forrest et al, 2011; Glassmeyer et al, 2005) and groundwater (Campagnolo et al, 2002; Watanabe et al, 2008, 2010) with antimicrobials used in veterinary medicine has been documented from point and nonpoint sources. Point sources of veterinary antimicrobials include confined livestock feeding operations where manure is stored either as a solid or slurry before land application.…”

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confidence: 99%

Dissipation of Three Veterinary Antimicrobials in Beef Cattle Feedlot Manure Stockpiled over Winter

et al. 2014

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Dissipation of veterinary antimicrobials is known to occur during aerated windrow composting of beef cattle manure. However, it is unclear if a similar dissipation occurs during stockpiling. Chlortetracycline, tylosin, and sulfamethazine are three of the most commonly used veterinary antimicrobials in beef cattle production in western Canada. Their dissipation in stockpiled manure was investigated over 140 d during winter in Alberta, Canada. Beef cattle housed in pens were administered 44 mg of chlortetracycline kg feed (dry weight), 44 mg of chlortetracycline + 44 mg sulfamethazine kg feed, 11 mg of tylosin kg feed, or feed without antimicrobials (control). Manure samples were extracted using pressurized liquid extraction, and the extracts were analyzed for chlortetracycline, sulfamethazine, and tylosin by LC-MS-MS. Dissipation of all three antimicrobials in the manure was explained by exponential decay kinetics. Times for 50% dissipation (DT) were 1.8 ± 0.1 d for chlortetracycline alone or 6.0 ± 0.8 d when mixed with sulfamethazine, 20.8 ± 3.8 d for sulfamethazine, and 4.7 ± 1.2 d for tylosin. After 77 d, <1% of initial chlortetracycline and <2% of sulfamethazine remained. Tylosin residues were more variable, decreasing to approximately 12% of initial levels after 28 d, with 20% present after 77 d and 13% after 140 d. Temperatures within stockpiles reached maximum values within 6 d of establishment and varied with location (bottom, 62.5°C; middle, 63.8°C; and top, 42.9°C). Antimicrobials in the manure did not inhibit microbial activity, as indicated by temperature and mass losses of carbon (C) and nitrogen (N). The C/N ratio in the manure decreased over the stockpiling period, indicating decomposition of manure to a more stable state. Dissipation of excreted residues with DT values 1.8 to 20.8 d showed that stockpiling can be as effective as windrow composting in mitigating the transfer of these three veterinary antimicrobials into the environment during land application of processed manure.

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“…For example, estrogens, androgens, and progestogens have been detected in surface water receiving runoff from cattle grazing lands (Kolodziej and Sedlak, 2007), dairy operations (Kolodziej et al, 2004), and beef cattle feeding operations (Soto et al, 2004;Kolok et al, 2007). Veterinary pharmaceuticals have also been found in surface water by Forrest et al (2011). In that study, water samples were collected from 23 Canadian agricultural watersheds, and a number of veterinary antibiotics including monensin, sulfamethazine, erythromycin, lincomycin, chlortetracycline, and oxytetracycline were detected.…”

Section: Journal Of the American Water Resources Associationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Biologically active compounds can enter surface water during rainstorm and snowmelt events that often vary by season. For example, Forrest et al (2011) determined that the detection frequency for monensin in surface waters in agricultural watersheds in Canada was significantly higher in spring than in the fall. An ongoing investigation, evaluating the seasonal occurrence of 17 veterinary antibiotics and growth promoters in Shell Creek, Nebraska (Shannon Bartelt-Hunt and Daniel Snow, unpublished results), is also documenting the importance of seasonal variation relative to pharmaceutical load.…”

Section: Journal Of the American Water Resources Associationmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The Hourglass: A Conceptual Framework for the Transport of Biologically Active Compounds from Agricultural Landscapes

Kolok

Jeffries

Knight

et al. 2014

J American Water Resour Assoc

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Recent research has suggested that the fate of biologically active compounds (BACs) originating from point sources such as wastewater treatment plants is fundamentally different from that of similar compounds released from nonpoint sources through runoff from agricultural landscapes. Downstream from wastewater treatment plants, BACs will degrade via a variety of mechanisms; however, their concentration in the water adjacent to the point of discharge may not decrease over time, as the compounds are continually released. In contrast, in agricultural systems, BACs are episodically introduced to surface water during snowmelt and rainstorm events, and under these circumstances, may be found in water for only hours or days after a storm event. Recent research in our laboratories as well as others, has suggested that sediments play an important role in the persistence of herbicides and steroids in watersheds after nonpoint source loading events. Conceptually, the sediment serves as both a sink and a source, equilibrating with BACs during storm events then slowly releasing them back into the water over time, long after the initial pulse of chemicals has moved downstream.

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A Scoping Study of Livestock Antimicrobials in Agricultural Streams of Alberta

Cited by 30 publications

References 33 publications

Persistence of the antimicrobials lincomycin, chlortetracycline, and sulfamethazine in prairie wetlands

Persistence of the antimicrobials lincomycin, chlortetracycline, and sulfamethazine in prairie wetlands

Dissipation of Three Veterinary Antimicrobials in Beef Cattle Feedlot Manure Stockpiled over Winter

The Hourglass: A Conceptual Framework for the Transport of Biologically Active Compounds from Agricultural Landscapes

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