A scoping review of traditional food security in Alaska

Walch, Amanda; Loring, Philip A.; Johnson, Rhonda; Tholl, Melissa; Bersamin, Andrea

doi:10.1080/22423982.2017.1419678

Cited by 38 publications

(32 citation statements)

References 46 publications

(86 reference statements)

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“…The high percentage of results focusing on access and availability from this study is consistent with results from a synthesis of food security initiatives in the Inuvialuit Settlement Region, Northwest Territories, Canada, that identified 30 initiatives and mapped each initiative against applicable food security dimensions [ 59 ]. However, the results differ from another systematic review on food security dimensions and transitional food security in Alaska [ 62 ]. Utilisation was cited as the most common dimension in that particular study.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 93%

Piecing together the Labrador Inuit food security policy puzzle in Nunatsiavut, Labrador (Canada): a scoping review

Bowers¹,

Turner

Graham³

et al. 2020

International Journal of Circumpolar Health

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Inuit in Canada experience greater social and economic inequities than the general Canadian population. Food security exemplifies this inequity and is a distinct determinant of Inuit health. This scoping review focuses on food security-related policies implemented in Nunatsiavut, located in Northern Labrador. The primary objective was to identify the range of existing policies that pertain to food security in Nunatsiavut. The secondary objective was to complete a directed content analysis to map each policy against the applicable dimension of food security. This scoping review followed the Johanna Briggs methodology. The search strategy included the databases: Medline (via Ovid), EMBASE (via Ovid), CINAHL, and Scopus, and a hand search of the relevant journals, conference abstracts and grey literature. This search was undertaken from April 2019 – October 2019. A content analysis mapped each policy against the applicable dimension of food security. Results : The results showed that twenty five policies were identified, spanning three levels of government, that explicitly or implicitly addressed at least one dimension of food security. Accessibility was the most frequent food security dimension identified. The Government of Canada developed 60% of policies and the Nunatsiavut Government implemented 48% of policies. Most policies focused on proximal factors for food security. Identifying distal policies for food security and understanding the impact of existing policies in Nunatsiavut remain as areas of further investigation. Ethics and Dissemination :This project was reviewed by the Nunatsiavut Government Research Advisory Committee.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 93%

Piecing together the Labrador Inuit food security policy puzzle in Nunatsiavut, Labrador (Canada): a scoping review

Bowers¹,

Turner

Graham³

et al. 2020

International Journal of Circumpolar Health

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show abstract

“…Several factors might be involved in the changes observed, including social influences, such as sharing food among families or within communities and teaching traditional food harvest and preparation skills to younger generations, or environmental influences (18, 39, 40). These might be important factors that contribute to the decline in traditional food use reported at follow-up.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Alaska Native Traditional Food and Harvesting Activity Patterns over 10 Years of Follow-Up

Redwood

Day

Beans

et al. 2019

Current Developments in Nutrition

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Background Alaska Native (AN) traditional foods and associated harvesting activities are beneficial to human health. Objective This study assessed longitudinal self-reported traditional food use and harvesting activities among Alaska Native and American Indian (AN/AI) participants in the Alaska Education and Research Towards Health (EARTH) study. Methods In 2004–2006, southcentral Alaska EARTH study participants (n = 1320) completed diet and activity questionnaires which were repeated in 2015–2017; results were compared between participants who completed both questionnaires (n = 388). Results In the follow-up questionnaire, >93% of participants reported eating ≥1 traditional food in the past year. The top 3 traditional foods were fish (75%), moose (42%), and shellfish (41%). Women were more likely than men to consume traditional foods, especially fish, gathered berries, shellfish, and seal oil (P < 0.05). Participants aged ≥60 y in the original cohort were significantly more likely to consume fish and shellfish at follow-up, whereas those aged 40–59 y were the most likely of the 3 age groups to consume seal oil (P < 0.05). Between the original cohort and follow-up, there was a significant decline in the mean number of traditional foods eaten from 6.3 to 5.5, as well as reduced consumption of multiple traditional foods (P < 0.001). Over 59% of participants reported ≥1 traditional harvesting activity in the past year; this proportion did not significantly change between baseline and follow-up. Picking berries/greens (44%), cutting/smoking fish or meat (33%), and fishing (30%) were the most common activities. Participation in traditional harvesting activities was greater among women than men (P < 0.05), but did not differ by age. Conclusions Longitudinal follow-up demonstrated that AN/AI people maintained participation in traditional harvesting activities, but the variety of traditional foods declined significantly among both men and women. Promotion of traditional foods and harvesting activities that serve as protective factors against chronic diseases may benefit this population.

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“…Moreover, higher prices (e.g., for food and energy) require people to work multiple jobs, which in turn limits time for subsistence hunting and fishing, thus adding to food insecurity. Importantly, food security through availability and access, coupled with subsistence hunting and fishing, plays a critical role in the health security in rural communities [78]. In general, an estimated 65% of Alaska residents utilize some form of subsistence [78].…”

Section: Food Securitymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Importantly, food security through availability and access, coupled with subsistence hunting and fishing, plays a critical role in the health security in rural communities [78]. In general, an estimated 65% of Alaska residents utilize some form of subsistence [78].…”

Section: Food Securitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Exploring a Nexus of National and Human Security: Food and Energy Challenges in the U.S. Arctic

Carlson

Bouffard

Woodward

2020

Journal of Human Security

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Changes in the U.S. Arctic are challenging both the national and human security dynamics of the region. Historically, the region's significance had been defined by national security concerns, but the emerging concept of human security has come to provide a useful framework through which to define and demonstrate the nexus between the two. This paper provides an overview of the relationship between national and human security and the concerns shared by individuals working in both areas, with a more narrowed focus on the interrelated issues of both food and energy security within the U.S. Arctic. Considering the substantial overlap of aspects of food and energy on both national as well as human security, an analysis of the relationships involving each provides meaningful and extended context of the term "security" for the Arctic region.

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A scoping review of traditional food security in Alaska

Cited by 38 publications

References 46 publications

Piecing together the Labrador Inuit food security policy puzzle in Nunatsiavut, Labrador (Canada): a scoping review

Piecing together the Labrador Inuit food security policy puzzle in Nunatsiavut, Labrador (Canada): a scoping review

Alaska Native Traditional Food and Harvesting Activity Patterns over 10 Years of Follow-Up

Exploring a Nexus of National and Human Security: Food and Energy Challenges in the U.S. Arctic

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