2020
DOI: 10.1038/s41893-020-00623-0
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A scoping review of research funding for small-scale farmers in water scarce regions

Abstract: Water scarcity is a global issue that disproportionately affects small-scale farmers in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). Through geospatial analysis, we estimated that less than 37% of small-scale farms probably have irrigation in water scarce regions across LMICs, compared with 42% of non-small-scale farms. Through a literature synthesis assisted by machine learning, we then systematically mapped the existing research for on-farm interventions that improve the incomes or yields of small-scale farmers… Show more

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Cited by 33 publications
(18 citation statements)
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References 39 publications
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“…Shrinking farm sizes limit opportunities for management adaptations and more stringent food safety standards limit the ability of smallholder farmers to enter expanding markets as these standards create new knowledge requirements, additional investments and stronger linkages between producers and buyers ( Humphrey, 2017 ). The literature has extensively covered the impacts of climate change on crop enterprises in mixed systems, and to a lesser extent, the impacts on livestock enterprises ( Thornton and Herrero, 2015 ), although the focus has often been on yields rather than livelihood outcomes or other sustainability dimensions ( Ricciardi et al, 2020 ). However, relatively little is known about how crop-livestock interactions may be affected or offer buffering capacity to help smallholders adapt to climate change ( Thornton and Herrero, 2015 ).…”
Section: Vulnerability Of Livestock-based Socio-economic Systemsmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Shrinking farm sizes limit opportunities for management adaptations and more stringent food safety standards limit the ability of smallholder farmers to enter expanding markets as these standards create new knowledge requirements, additional investments and stronger linkages between producers and buyers ( Humphrey, 2017 ). The literature has extensively covered the impacts of climate change on crop enterprises in mixed systems, and to a lesser extent, the impacts on livestock enterprises ( Thornton and Herrero, 2015 ), although the focus has often been on yields rather than livelihood outcomes or other sustainability dimensions ( Ricciardi et al, 2020 ). However, relatively little is known about how crop-livestock interactions may be affected or offer buffering capacity to help smallholders adapt to climate change ( Thornton and Herrero, 2015 ).…”
Section: Vulnerability Of Livestock-based Socio-economic Systemsmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Access to irrigation technologies can both directly and indirectly improve nutritional well-being ( 111 ). Greater agricultural yields can increase a household's income, allowing individuals to purchase more (diverse) food ( 112 ). Further, irrigation technologies that produce clean water (e.g., desalination) can function as multiple-use water systems, meaning individuals can use the expanded water supply for other household needs, like water, sanitation, and hygiene (WaSH) activities that ensure the safe handling and preparation of foods ( 2 ).…”
Section: Current Status Of Knowledgementioning
confidence: 99%
“…Research on the performance of farm-level interventions also tends to privilege yield and production metrics over other socioecological dimensions, such as farmer livelihoods or well-being (cf. Ricciardi et al, 2020). There is therefore a need to systematically assess synergies and trade-offs across the multiple services and outcomes provided by agricultural landscapes (c.f.…”
Section: Challenges In Making Agroecological Practices "Legible" In Agricultural Assessment Frameworkmentioning
confidence: 99%