A Scoping Review of Interdisciplinary Collaboration in Addictions Education and Training

Abstract

Developing a workforce of multidisciplinary healthcare professionals equipped with the knowledge and skills to collaboratively address the public health crisis of alcohol and other drug (AOD) use is critical for effectively identifying, preventing, and managing AOD conditions and their sequelae. Despite general enthusiasm for interdisciplinary education and training, little is known overall about the nature and outcomes of interdisciplinary collaboration in addictions education and training. We conducted a five-stage scoping review of the literature to provide an eight domain overview of the state of interdisciplinary collaboration in addictions education (ICAE). In our final review of 30 articles, we identified a lack of conceptual and terminological clarity around ICAE but a wide range of learners and professional collaborators in ICAE initiatives, which focused on a variety of AOD topics and used a constellation of didactic, interactive, and service-learning teaching strategies and formats. Although we found limited substantive educational or practice-oriented outcomes available for ICAE initiatives, learner and faculty feedback reflected high enthusiasm for ICAE and widespread perceptions of benefit for improved clinical care. Facilitators and barriers to the implementation of ICAE initiatives occurred at the level of the individual and the institution and ranged from pragmatic to conceptual. Emerging trends in ICAE initiatives included increased application of learning and implementation theory and extension of ICAE into research training. We conclude with recommendations to support ICAE as a new paradigm for addictions education for all health professionals.

Scoping out the literature on mobile needle and syringe programs—review of service delivery and client characteristics, operation, utilization, referrals, and impact

“…We used a scoping study, a rigorous and comprehensive method [ 14 ], to identify and describe literature about mobile NSPs and specifically to answer this question: what is known about the design, operational characteristics, and services offered, client characteristics, service utilization, and impact of mobile NSPs? This method allowed for a broad charting of literature without narrow restrictions (e.g., specific populations, specific types of study designs, and/or highly specific definitions of methodological rigor) that might reduce what can be learned from existing literature [ 14 , 15 ].…”

A multiple domain collaborative care model for independent practice psychologists working with older adults.

“…The separation between primary health care and mental health care creates barriers to mental health care, which can be eliminated by the employment of a collaborative care model (American Psychological Association, Presidential Task Force on Integrated Health Care For An Aging Population, 2008; Gunn & Blount, 2009; Raue, McGovern, Kiosses, & Sirey, 2017; Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration and Health Resources and Services Administration, 2016). Research demonstrates that interdisciplinary patient care teams produce better clinical outcomes and higher patient satisfaction (Broyles, Conley, Harding, & Gordon, 2013; Müller et al, 2015; Reiss-Brennan et al, 2016; Theodoridou et al, 2015). The Patient-Centered Primary Care Collaborative (PCPCC) found that Blue Cross/Blue Shield’s statewide integrative primary care efforts in Michigan produced a 15% decrease in adult Emergency Department visits, and a 21% decrease in adult ambulatory care sensitive inpatient stays, with consequent significant cost savings to the health care system (PCPCC, 2017).…”

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“…Thus, interdisciplinary collaboration becomes imperative to ensure convergence and synergy of efforts to attain a common treatment outcome. This tactic was found to be favored by professionals as it allows for shared learning and understanding 23 , and is deemed to be appropriate in addressing the complexity of substance abuse and/or the needs of clients. 24,25 Aside from a theoretical and empirical underpinning, a multidisciplinary approach to treatment has also been identified by the United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime (UNODC) and the World Health Organization (WHO) as an important component of a comprehensive treatment system 26 , and is a key principle of the national-level policy on drug rehabilitation.…”