A scintillation detector of pulsed soft X rays

Nefedov, Yu. Ya.; Usenko, P. L.

doi:10.1134/s0020441216010097

Cited by 7 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…These dead layers can be caused due to oxidation, humidity, and mechanical damage (see Ref. [41] and references therein). In plastic scintillators, the typical thickness of these dead layers is approximately 1 − 10 μm.…”

Section: F Dead Regionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In plastic scintillators, the typical thickness of these dead layers is approximately 1 − 10 μm. [41]. In the outer modules of the detector, the sole purpose of which is to identify the existence of a second photon in the event (rather than a precise reconstruction of the energy itself), a dead region would be problematic only if all of the photon's energy were absorbed in that region.…”

Section: F Dead Regionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Invisible decay modes in nuclear gamma cascades

et al. 2019

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We propose a high statistics experiment to search for invisible decay modes in nuclear gamma cascades. A radioactive source (such as 60 Co or 24 Na) that triggers gamma cascades is placed in the middle of a large, hermetically sealed scintillation detector, enabling photon identification with high accuracy. Invisible modes are identified by establishing the absence of a photon in a well-identified gamma cascade. We propose the use of fast scintillators with nanosecond timing resolution, permitting event rates as high as 10 7 Hz. Our analysis of the feasibility of this setup indicates that branching fractions as small as 10 −12 − 10 −14 can be probed. This experimental protocol benefits from the fact that a search for invisible modes is penalized for weak coupling only in the production of the new particle. If successfully implemented, this experiment is an exquisite probe of particles with mass below approximately 4 MeV that lie in the poorly constrained supernova "trapping window" that exists between 100 keV and 30 MeV. Such particles have been invoked as mediators between dark matter and nucleons, explain the proton radius and ðg − 2Þ μ anomalies, and potentially power the shock wave in type II supernovae. The hadronic axion could also be probed with modifications to the proposed setup.

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Section: F Dead Regionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: F Dead Regionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Invisible decay modes in nuclear gamma cascades

et al. 2019

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“…A list of common contaminants and their expected activity in scintillators can be found in [39]. The most dangerous contaminant for 60 Co is 40 K, which decays (with a 10 % branching fraction) to 40 Ar via electron capture, emitting a 1.46 MeV gamma. This contaminant is estimated to occur with an activity ∼ mBq in the ∼ kg volume of the inner modules [39].…”

Section: Radioactive Contaminantsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Solid state scintillators can have dead layers, where energy deposition leads to highly suppressed light emission. These dead layers can be caused due to oxidation, humidity and mechanical damage (see [40] and references therein). In plastic scintillators, the typical thickness of these dead layers is ∼ 1 − 10 µm [40].…”

Section: F Dead Regionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The GAmmas from Nuclear Decays Hiding from Investigators (GANDHI) Experiment

Benato,

Drobizhev,

Rajendran

et al. 2018

Preprint

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“…Current soft X‐ray detectors are based on an indirect detection mechanism, utilizing scintillating materials, such as polystyrene [ 9 ] and Gd 2 O 2 S, [ 10 ] that convert ionizing radiation into visible photons (Section S1, Supporting Information). This approach optimizes detection across multiple energy ranges and frame rates; however, its anisotropic response, complex synthesis procedures and limited resolution, due to the comparatively large thicknesses required, present major challenges.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Soft X‐ray Detectors Based on SnS Nanosheets for the Water Window Region

Shabbir

Liu

Krishnamurthi

et al. 2021

Adv Funct Materials

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The structural characteristics of biological specimens, such as wet proteins and fixed living cells, can be conveniently probed in their host aqueous media using soft X‐rays in the water window region (200–600 eV). Conventional X‐ray detectors in this area exhibit low spatial resolution, have limited sensitivity, and require complex fabrication procedures. Here, many of these limitations are overcome by introducing a direct soft X‐ray detector based on ultrathin tin mono‐sulfide (SnS) nanosheets. The distinguishing characteristic of SnS is its high photon absorption efficiency in the soft X‐ray region. This factor enables the fabricated soft X‐ray detectors to exhibit excellent sensitivity values on the order of 104 μCGyVac−1 cm−2 at peak energies of ≈600 eV. The peak signal is found to be sensitive to the number of stacked SnS layers, with thicker SnS nanosheet assemblies yielding a peak response at higher energies and with peak sensitives of over 2.5 × 104 μCGyVac−1 cm−2 at 1 V. Detailed current–voltage and temporal characteristics of these detectors are also presented. These results showcase the excellent performance of SnS nanosheet‐based soft X‐ray detectors compared to existing direct soft X‐ray detectors, including that of the emerging organic–inorganic perovskite class of materials.

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A scintillation detector of pulsed soft X rays

Cited by 7 publications

References 9 publications

Invisible decay modes in nuclear gamma cascades

Invisible decay modes in nuclear gamma cascades

The GAmmas from Nuclear Decays Hiding from Investigators (GANDHI) Experiment

Soft X‐ray Detectors Based on SnS Nanosheets for the Water Window Region

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