A scheme for the identification of clinical isolates of gram-negative anaerobic bacilli by conventional bacteriological tests

Duerden, B. I.; Collee, J. G.; Brown, R.; Deacon, A. G.; Holbrook, W. P.

doi:10.1099/00222615-13-2-231

Cited by 69 publications

(27 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…The anaerobes were identified by colonial and cellular morphologies, antibiotic resistance test, dye tolerance test, biochemical test and sugar fermentation pattern described by Duerden et al (1980), Rotimi, Faulkner & Duerden (1980) and Willis (1977). Clostridium difficile was identified by Gram's stain reaction, characteristic smell and yellow colonies on CCFA medium that fluoresced under short-wave ultraviolet light.…”

Section: Identification Of Isolatesmentioning

confidence: 99%

The development of bacterial flora of premature neonates

Rotimi¹,

Olowe

Ahmed

1985

J. Hyg.

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SUMMARYThe sequential acquisition of bacterial flora by premature neonates was studied during a 10 month period. Mean gestational age of the babies was 29-01 weeks and the mean birth weight was 1P728 kg. Escherichia coli and group B streptococci (GBS) colonized the umbilicus of 7 and 6 babies respectively, out of 23 studied, on the first day of life. E. coli and staphylococci were the predominant flora on the 6th day and they colonized 12 and 13 respectively. The oral flora was predominantly Gram-positive cocci, mainly Streptoccocus salivarius which was isolated from 17 out of 22 babies on the 6th day, viridians streptococci were isolated from 14 babies, Staphylococcus albus from 16 babies and group D streptococci from 11 babies. Candida spp. also colonized the oral cavities of 17 out of 22 babies on the 6th day. At the end of the first week of life, the faecal flora was predominantly anaerobic represented by Bifidobacterium spp., Bacterioides spp. and Clostridium spp. The commonest facultative faecal flora were E. coli, which was isolated from all the babies, and Strept. faecalis isolated from 20 babies. Early gut colonization by GBS, Bacteroides spp. and Clostridium spp. was noticed in more babies delivered vaginally than by caesarean section where colonization by these bacteria was relatively delayed. The use of prophylactic penicillin plus gentamicin in the special neonatal unit probably prevented systemic spread of any of the potential opportunistic pathogens during the study.

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Section: Identification Of Isolatesmentioning

confidence: 99%

The development of bacterial flora of premature neonates

Rotimi¹,

Olowe

Ahmed

1985

J. Hyg.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The taxonomy of the fusobacteria is still being debated (see Duerden et al, 1980) and our failure to demonstrate neuraminidase in any of the strains tested is unlikely to be of assistance. However, the results of our tests in Bacteroides species are consistent and conform with the latest classifications (Holdeman et al, 1977;Duerden et al, 1980). They help to discriminate between several closely related species that are otherwise distinguished only by a small number of sugar fermentation reactions, e.g., between the species previously included in B. thetaiotaomicron, and between various species of the B. oralis-B.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Current schemes of classification are based mainly on the biochemical activities of the organisms (Holdeman and Moore, 1974;Holdeman, Cat0 and Moore, 1977). The strains used in the present study have been characterised carefully by the methods used in this laboratory, including gas-liquid chromatography (Duerden et al, 1976;Deacon et al, 1978;Duerden et al, 1980). The former subspecies of B. fragilis are now given separate species status, and B. thetaiotaomicron is further subdivided into the species B. thetaiotaomicron, B. eggerthii, and B. uniformis.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Neuraminidase production by Bacteroidaceae

Fraser¹,

Brown²

1981

Journal of Medical Microbiology

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SUMMARY. The production of neuraminidase (EC 3.2.1.18) by 77 strains of Bacteroidaceae was investigated by techniques previously used to study neuraminidase production by clostridia. Conditions for culture and assay of Bacteroides fragilis neuraminidase were characterised. The enzyme is predominantly cell associated; it is not calcium dependent and the pH optimum for its production is c. 4-5.Most neuraminidase-positive Bacteroides strains produced the enzyme well in the test media but a few strains failed to'produce it consistently in one or other of the media. Because of these occasional variations, strains were grown and tested in at least two media before being defined as neuraminidase negative.Within the B. fragilis group of species, B. fragilis, B. vulgatus, B. distasonis, B. ovatus, B. thetaiotaomicron and B. variabilis were neuraminidase positive while B. eggerthii, B. uniformis and B. splanchnicus were negative. Two subspecies of B. melaninogenicus (ss. melaninogenicus and ss. levii) were positive but the other (ss. intermedius) was negative. Strains of B. oralis and B. bivius produced the enzyme while B. ruminicola, B. disiens, B. asaccharolyticus and B. corrodens did not. The microaerophilic B. ochraceus were also positive. None of the Fusobacterium or Leptotrichia species tested produced neuraminidase.Our results for neuraminidase production are consistent for all strains of each species examined and we suggest that tests for neuraminidase production would be a valuable addition to biochemical tests currently used in taxonomic studies of the Bacteroidaceae.

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“…They were identified by the methods of Duerden et al (1980). These strains comprised: one (A6) of F. necrophorum from a Roan antelope (Hippotragus equinus) with a subcutaneous abscess, two (A 24 and A 51) from wallabies with facial necrobacillosis, and one (A 42) from a wallaby with necrobacillosis of the leg and face; one (A 7) of B. oralis from a giraffe (Giraffa camelopardalis) with a purulent lesion of the face, and three (A 25, A30 and A44) from wallabies with facial necrobacillosis; one (A5) of B. bivius from a Roan antelope with a subcutaneous abscess, and two (A 27 and A49) from wallabies with facial necrobacillosis; two (A 17 and A46) of B. fragilis from wallabies with necrobacillosis of the spleen and stomach wall respectively; one (A22) of B. distasonis from a wallaby with a liver abscess; and one (A31) of B. thetaiotaomicron from a wallaby with a purulent infection of the foot.…”

Section: Organismsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The pathogenic properties ofFusobacteriumandBacteroidesspecies from wallabies and other sources

Smith

Oliphant

Parsons

1984

J. Hyg.

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SUMMARYIntracerebral inoculation was more effective than intraperitoneal, intravenous or subcutaneous inoculation as a means of producing lethal infections withFusobacterium necrophorumin mice. Strains varied in virulence but, of five examined, two had LD50 values as low asca. 8000 and 14000 viable organisms. Profuse bacterial multiplication in the brain was demonstrated. Intravenous vaccination with a single large dose of heat-killed whole culture or washed bacterial cells failed to protect against intracerebral challenge.Intracerebral injection of other fusobacteria (F. nucleatum, F. variumandF. necrogenes) and of 22 strains belonging to 10Bacteroidesspp. was without apparent effect on mice, except for a slight transient illness in some animals givenB. fragilis. This organism (five strains) differed from the otherBacteroidesspp. tested, which included eight strains belonging to the fragilis group, in being eliminated more slowly from the mouse brain – a point that may be relevant to the special pathogenicity ofB. fragilisin endogenous infections in man. There was no evidence thatB. fragilismultiplied in the brain or that intravenous vaccination with a large dose of heat-killed homologous culture affected the rate at which it was eliminated.

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A scheme for the identification of clinical isolates of gram-negative anaerobic bacilli by conventional bacteriological tests

Cited by 69 publications

References 15 publications

The development of bacterial flora of premature neonates

The development of bacterial flora of premature neonates

Neuraminidase production by Bacteroidaceae

The pathogenic properties ofFusobacteriumandBacteroidesspecies from wallabies and other sources

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