A Scanning electron microscopic evaluation of intracanal smear layer removal by two different final irrigation activation systems

Dua, Deepti; Dua, Ankur; Uppin, Veerendra M

doi:10.4103/0976-237x.128661

Cited by 4 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 27 publications

(32 reference statements)

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“…, Akyuz‐Ekim & Erdemir , Dua et al . ()]. The detailed reasons for rejection of the 21 articles excluded at full‐text evaluation are given in Table .…”

Section: Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

Efficacy of irrigant activation techniques in removing intracanal smear layer and debris from mature permanent teeth: a systematic review and meta‐analysis

et al. 2017

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Virdee SS, Seymour DW, Farnell D, Bhamra G, Bhakta S. Efficacy of irrigant activation techniques in removing intracanal smear layer and debris from mature permanent teeth: a systematic review and meta-analysis. International Endodontic Journal.Aims To establish whether irrigant activation techniques (IATs) result in greater intracanal smear layer and debris removal than conventional needle irrigation (CNI). Methodology Six electronic databases were searched to identify scanning electron microscopy studies evaluating smear layer and/or debris removal following the use of manual dynamic activation (MDA), passive ultrasonic irrigation (PUI), sonic irrigation (SI) or apical negative pressure (ANP) IATs in mature permanent teeth. Meta-analyses were performed for each canal segment (coronal, middle, apical and apical 1 mm) in addition to subgroup analyses for individual IATs with respect to CNI. Outcomes were presented as standardized mean differences (SMD) alongside 95% confidence intervals (95% CI) and chi-squared analysis.Results From 252 citations, 16 studies were identified. The meta-analyses demonstrated significant improvements in coronal (SMD: 1.15, 95% CI: 0.72-1.57 / SMD: 0.54, 95% CI: 0.29-0.80), middle (SMD: 1.30, 95% CI: 0.59-2.53 / SMD: 0.8, 95% CI: 0.58-1.13) and apical thirds (SMD: 1.22, 95% CI: 0.83-1.62 / SMD: 1.86, 95% CI: 0.76-2.96) for smear layer and debris removal, respectively. In the apical 1 mm IATs improved cleanliness; however, differences were insignificant (SMD: 1.15, 95% CI: -0.47-2.77). Chi-squared analysis revealed heterogeneity scores of 79.3-92.8% and 0.0-93.5% for smear layer and debris removal, respectively. Conclusions IATs improve intracanal cleanliness across a substantial portion of the canal, and therefore, their use is recommended throughout root canal preparation. However, current data is too heterogeneous to compare and identify superiority of an individual technique highlighting the need to standardize experimental protocols and develop a more representative research model to investigate the in vivo impact of IATs on clinical outcomes and periapical healing following root canal treatment.

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“…, Akyuz‐Ekim & Erdemir , Dua et al . ()]. The detailed reasons for rejection of the 21 articles excluded at full‐text evaluation are given in Table .…”

Section: Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

Efficacy of irrigant activation techniques in removing intracanal smear layer and debris from mature permanent teeth: a systematic review and meta‐analysis

et al. 2017

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“…In this case, a negative‐pressure irrigation system (EndoVac) was used to rinse the canal with bleach. Several studies have demonstrated that when compared with end‐vented and side‐vented endodontic irrigation needles, the EndoVac system extrudes significantly less irrigant solution and removes a greater amount of organic and inorganic debris from the apical third of the root canal 10 11…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Endodontics: standard endodontic treatment of a discolored maxillary canine tooth in a dog

Thatcher

2019

Vet Record Case Reports

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Pulpitis and subsequent pulp necrosis results in tissue degradation by-products causing staining of the dentin.This is a common cause of localised intrinsic staining of the teeth. Reversible pulpitis is a condition of pulpal inflammation in which the pulp can be returned to the normal state if the cause of the pulpitis is treated or removed; however, if this is not achieved, the condition will progress to irreversible pulpitis and pulp necrosis. If left untreated, a tooth with pulp necrosis can result in periapical abscess, radicular cyst, granuloma, fistula, osteomyelitis, pathological fracture, periodontal disease and tooth loss. The treatment options for a tooth with pulp necrosis include endodontic or exodontic therapy. The purpose of endodontic therapy is to alleviate pain and to treat or prevent inflammation and infection in order to preserve the tooth function. This case report describes the endodontic treatment of a discolored left maxillary canine tooth in a dog.

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“…Teeth were cleaned from soft tissues and calculus using a hand scaler, washed with water then stored in sterile normal saline solution at room temperature which was changed every 24 hours until the teeth were used within three months after extraction [7]. The crowns of all teeth were removed near the level of cementoenamel junction with a diamond disk * attached to a slow speed handpiece * under copious amount of water to obtain approximately 15 ±1 mm uniform root lengths.…”

Section: Sample Collectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Different Final Irrigation Activation Methods on Root Canal Cleanliness

Elsobky¹,

Darrag

Shaheen

2021

Egyptian Dental Journal

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Aim: to evaluate canal cleanliness after using manual dynamic activation, passive ultrasonic irrigation and photoactivated disinfection in comparison with conventional needle irrigation, using scanning electron microscopy Methods: Sixty single rooted human premolars with nearly straight single canal were collected, the crowns of all teeth were removed near the level of cementoenamel junction to obtain approximately 15 ±1 mm uniform root lengths. After instrumentaion with ProTaper Next files up to X4 (40/06), roots were randomly divided into 4 equal groups (n=15) according to the method of final irrigation activation. Group I: Conventional needle and syringe irrigation. Group II: Manual dynamic activation. Group III: passive ultrasonic irrigation. Group IV: photoactivated disinfection. Canal cleanliness was evaluated with SEM using different magnification (X350-X1000).Results: Group III had the best cleanliness of the root canal while Group I had the worst cleanliness, there were statistical significant differences between Group I versus Groups II and III and between Group III and Group IV (P ≤ 0.05). Regardless the irrigation activation method, the coronal level showed significantly less amount of smear layer and remaining debris than the apical level.Conclusions: None of the tested final irrigation activation methods resulted in completely clean canal wall.

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A Scanning electron microscopic evaluation of intracanal smear layer removal by two different final irrigation activation systems

Cited by 4 publications

References 27 publications

Efficacy of irrigant activation techniques in removing intracanal smear layer and debris from mature permanent teeth: a systematic review and meta‐analysis

Efficacy of irrigant activation techniques in removing intracanal smear layer and debris from mature permanent teeth: a systematic review and meta‐analysis

Endodontics: standard endodontic treatment of a discolored maxillary canine tooth in a dog

Effect of Different Final Irrigation Activation Methods on Root Canal Cleanliness

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