A SARS-CoV-2 antigen rapid diagnostic test for resource limited settings

Frew, Erica; Roberts, D.H.; Barry, Shelly; Holden, Matthew T. G.; Mand, Amanda Restell; Mitsock, Emily; Tan, Enqing; Wang, Yu; Skog, Johan

doi:10.1038/s41598-021-02128-y

Cited by 13 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…When the sample–buffer mixtures are added onto the sample pad of the test cassette, the N protein will bind with a colloidal gold-labeled antibody that is specific to the SARS-CoV-2 N protein on the conjugation pad and will later form an antibody–antigen complex. Apart from the gold-labeled SARS-CoV-2 N protein’s specific antibody, the conjugation pad also contains colloidal gold-labeled chicken IgY antibodies that will be captured by goat anti-chicken IgY on the control line, which serves as a procedural control [ 15 , 16 ].…”

Section: Lateral Flow Immunoassay-based Rapid Antigen Detection Test ...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Rapid Antigen Tests during the COVID-19 Era in Korea and Their Implementation as a Detection Tool for Other Infectious Diseases

Widyasari

Kim

2023

Bioengineering

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Rapid antigen tests (RATs) are diagnostic tools developed to specifically detect a certain protein of infectious agents (viruses, bacteria, or parasites). RATs are easily accessible due to their rapidity and simplicity. During the COVID-19 pandemic, RATs have been widely used in detecting the presence of the specific SARS-CoV-2 antigen in respiratory samples from suspected individuals. Here, the authors review the application of RATs as detection tools for COVID-19, particularly in Korea, as well as for several other infectious diseases. To address these issues, we present general knowledge on the design of RATs that adopt the lateral flow immunoassay for the detection of the analyte (antigen). The authors then discuss the clinical utilization of the authorized RATs amidst the battle against the COVID-19 pandemic in Korea and their role in comparison with other detection methods. We also discuss the implementation of RATs for other, non-COVID-19 infectious diseases, the challenges that may arise during the application, the limitations of RATs as clinical detection tools, as well as the possible problem solving for those challenges to maximize the performance of RATs and avoiding any misinterpretation of the test result.

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Section: Lateral Flow Immunoassay-based Rapid Antigen Detection Test ...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Rapid Antigen Tests during the COVID-19 Era in Korea and Their Implementation as a Detection Tool for Other Infectious Diseases

Widyasari

Kim

2023

Bioengineering

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“…Perhaps the most relevant and well know feature is their striking optical properties, derived from the localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR), attributing to AuNPs of 20 nm in diameter a strong red color, which have been used in a wide range of simple colorimetric diagnostic devices. For example, in the current COVID-19 pandemic-the red line in the lateral flow tests for rapid SARS-CoV-2 antigen detection, indicating either a positive sample and/or a positive result, arise from the intense red color of AuNPs that does not bleach (Aoki et al, 2021;Frew et al, 2021;Kevadiya et al, 2021;Box 1).…”

Section: Gold Nanoparticles (Aunps)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Engineering gold nanoparticles for molecular diagnostics and biosensing

Oliveira

Ferreira

Fernandes

et al. 2022

WIREs Nanomed Nanobiotechnol

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Advances in nanotechnology and medical science have spurred the development of engineered nanomaterials and nanoparticles with particular focus on their applications in biomedicine. In particular, gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) have been the focus of great interest, due to their exquisite intrinsic properties, such as ease of synthesis and surface functionalization, tunable size and shape, lack of acute toxicity and favorable optical, electronic, and physicochemical features, which possess great value for application in biodetection and diagnostics purposes, including molecular sensing, photoimaging, and application under the form of portable and simple biosensors (e.g., lateral flow immunoassays that have been extensively exploited during the current COVID-19 pandemic). We shall discuss the main properties of AuNPs, their synthesis and conjugation to biorecognition moieties, and the current trends in sensing and detection in biomedicine and diagnostics. This article is categorized under: Diagnostic Tools > Biosensing Diagnostic Tools > In Vitro Nanoparticle-Based Sensing Diagnostic Tools > In Vivo Nanodiagnostics and Imaging K E Y W O R D S biodetection, bioimaging, diagnostics, gold nanoparticles, nanomedicine 1 | INTRODUCTION 1.1 | Nanoparticles for diagnosticsNanoparticle-based diagnosis has relied strongly on the continuous progresses in nanoscience and nanotechnology, particularly on the discovery and characterization of new nanomaterials and their applications in biomedicine. Several of these developments have stemmed from the fundamental research on the properties and functions of nanomaterials, where metal nanoparticles have a prominent position, particularly those of gold, iron, silver, platinum, copper, and cobalt (Doria et al., 2012;Habibullah et al., 2021).Beatriz B. Oliveira and Daniela Ferreira contributed equally to this study.

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“…Lateral flow immunoassay (LFIA) is a paper-based point-of-care testing (POCT) diagnostic tool, also known as test strips, which has been widely used for rapid detection and early screening of many diseases [ 1 , 2 , 3 , 4 ]. Compared with laboratory tests such as enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and polymerase chain reaction (PCR), LFIA does not require automated instruments and professional testing personnel, and has the advantages of simple operation, rapid detection, and low cost.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An In Situ Study on Nanozyme Performance to Optimize Nanozyme-Strip for Aβ Detection

Luo

Zou

et al. 2023

Sensors

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The nanozyme-strip is a novel POCT technology which is different from the conventional colloidal gold strip. It primarily utilizes the catalytic activity of nanozyme to achieve a high-sensitivity detection of target by amplifying the detection signal. However, previous research has chiefly focused on optimizing nanozyme-strip from the perspective of increasing nanozyme activity, little is known about other physicochemical factors. In this work, three sizes of Fe3O4 nanozyme and three sizes of CoFe2O4 nanozyme were used to investigate the key factors of nanozyme-strip for optimizing and improving its detection performance. We found that three sizes of Fe3O4 nanozyme all gather at the bottom of the nitrocellulose (NC) membrane, and three sizes of CoFe2O4 nanozyme migrate smoothly on the NC membrane, respectively. After color development, the surface of NC membranes distributed with CoFe2O4 peroxidase nanozymes had significant color change. Experimental results show that CoFe2O4 nanozymes had better dispersity than Fe3O4 nanozymes in an aqueous solution. We observed that CoFe2O4 nanozymes with smaller particle size migrated to the middle of the NC membrane with a higher number of particles. According to the results above, 55 ± 6 nm CoFe2O4 nanozyme was selected to prepare the nanozyme probe and achieved a highly sensitive detection of Aβ42Os on the nanozyme-strip. These results suggest that nanozyme should be comprehensively evaluated in its dispersity, the migration on NC membrane, and the peroxidase-like activity to determine whether it can be applied to nanozyme-strip.

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A SARS-CoV-2 antigen rapid diagnostic test for resource limited settings

Cited by 13 publications

References 10 publications

Rapid Antigen Tests during the COVID-19 Era in Korea and Their Implementation as a Detection Tool for Other Infectious Diseases

Rapid Antigen Tests during the COVID-19 Era in Korea and Their Implementation as a Detection Tool for Other Infectious Diseases

Engineering gold nanoparticles for molecular diagnostics and biosensing

An In Situ Study on Nanozyme Performance to Optimize Nanozyme-Strip for Aβ Detection

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