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A method-consisting of column chromatography on acid washed AIzO J and subsequent paper chromatography-for the fractionation of soybean saponin extract (SBSE) has been elaborated. SBSE could be separated into 5 fractions, the homogeneity of which has been established by ascending paper chromatography and horizontal paper electrophoresis. Four of these fractions were proved to be saponins by the following criteria: a) Haemolytic and foamforming abilities; b) Characteristic bitter taste; and c) Identification of the known soybean sapogenins A, E, C and D as well as reducing sugars, in the acid hydrolysates.A colorimetric method, based on a modified Lieberman-Burchard reagent, for the quantitative determination of the various saponins present in SBSE has been developed. Saponin b, the strongest haemolytic agent of the four, is present only in small amounts in SBSE, whereas c, which composes 75 % of SBSE, has moderate haemolytic activity.Since it has been found that the ratio of haemolytic and foam-forming activity is inversely correlated, it seems that the two activities involve different active sites.Raw soybean meal, one of the most important sources of plant proteins, contains several antibiological factors, a great part of which can be inactivated by proper heat processing of the meal. Among the factors to which detrimental properties have been attributed are the saponins. However, very little is known about the exact nature and potency of these activities. For example, whether each of the soybean saponins possesses all the assumed activities and whether soybean saponins, when in situ, have any antinutritional significance at all, as the saponin content of soybeans is rather low.In a previous report [I] it has been shown that soybean saponin extract (SBSE) in vitro possesses haemolytic activity and can inhibit, in vitro, certain proteolytic enzymes. The glycosidic nature of soybean saponins was first established by
A method-consisting of column chromatography on acid washed AIzO J and subsequent paper chromatography-for the fractionation of soybean saponin extract (SBSE) has been elaborated. SBSE could be separated into 5 fractions, the homogeneity of which has been established by ascending paper chromatography and horizontal paper electrophoresis. Four of these fractions were proved to be saponins by the following criteria: a) Haemolytic and foamforming abilities; b) Characteristic bitter taste; and c) Identification of the known soybean sapogenins A, E, C and D as well as reducing sugars, in the acid hydrolysates.A colorimetric method, based on a modified Lieberman-Burchard reagent, for the quantitative determination of the various saponins present in SBSE has been developed. Saponin b, the strongest haemolytic agent of the four, is present only in small amounts in SBSE, whereas c, which composes 75 % of SBSE, has moderate haemolytic activity.Since it has been found that the ratio of haemolytic and foam-forming activity is inversely correlated, it seems that the two activities involve different active sites.Raw soybean meal, one of the most important sources of plant proteins, contains several antibiological factors, a great part of which can be inactivated by proper heat processing of the meal. Among the factors to which detrimental properties have been attributed are the saponins. However, very little is known about the exact nature and potency of these activities. For example, whether each of the soybean saponins possesses all the assumed activities and whether soybean saponins, when in situ, have any antinutritional significance at all, as the saponin content of soybeans is rather low.In a previous report [I] it has been shown that soybean saponin extract (SBSE) in vitro possesses haemolytic activity and can inhibit, in vitro, certain proteolytic enzymes. The glycosidic nature of soybean saponins was first established by
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