A Romanian energy system model and a nuclear reduction strategy

Gota, Dan-Ioan; Lund, Henrik; Miclea, Liviu

doi:10.1016/j.energy.2011.09.029

Cited by 47 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…While "RES" scenario shows a decrease in import dependency in the first period, after decommission of Krško, import dependency is doubled. With "RES" scenario being approximately in the same price range as "White" (4.57 billion euro, given the use of nuclear technology), this indicates the difficulty of RES implementation in systems that incorporate nuclear power phase-out or decommission, as seen in [39]. …”

Section: Electricity Importmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…One of its advantages is its emphasis on renewable energy sources and their integration into existing systems. For example, the Chinese energy system was reconstructed in EnergyPLAN in paper [38]; a study of large-scale integration of wind power, phase-out of nuclear energy while increasing the share of RES in the case of Romania was analyzed in [39]; reduction of GHG emissions in the US using photovoltaic (PV) was studied in [40]; implementation of combined heat and power (CHP) plants was studied in [41], etc. As shown in the aforementioned papers, the model uses input data and conducts annual analysis of an energy system based on hourly steps.…”

Section: Energyplan Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Wind energy integration into future energy systems based on conventional plants – The case study of Croatia

et al. 2014

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Croatian energy system is currently highly import-dependent and integration of a high share of renewable energy sources needs to be considered. This paper studies eight scenarios; three proposed by the Croatian Energy Strategy, one proposed by the Indicative medium-term development plan of Croatia's Transmission System Operator, and four alternative scenarios that propose extensive construction of hydro, wind and solar power plants in Croatia. Calculations have been conducted in the EnergyPLAN model based on modelled long term energy demand projections in the NeD model, with 2009 as the base year and a scope ranging until the year 2030. Each of the eight proposed scenarios is observed trough different hydrological conditions while analysing import dependency, economic costs and CO2 emissions. After the initial calculations, additional analysis of intensive wind power penetration has been conducted. The Results show that energy systems with a larger share of conventional and nonflexible power plants have more difficulty adjusting to wind power plants production. In case of a high share penetration of wind in a system based upon such power plants, the feasibility of investing in new large combustion plants that will spend most of the time working on minimum capacity is brought into question. INTRODUCTIONGrowing dependency on energy imports, obligation to decrease CO2 emissions, high and unstable energy prices, and increasing age of production facilities are some of the problems European energy systems need to face. In 2010, primary energy import dependency of EU-27 countries amounted to 52.7%, an increase of 22% since 1995, with predictions of reaching 70% in the next 20-30 years [1]. To decrease import dependency, as well as reduce CO2 emissions, European Union is planning increased implementation of renewable energy sources (RES),

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Section: Electricity Importmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Energyplan Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

Wind energy integration into future energy systems based on conventional plants – The case study of Croatia

et al. 2014

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“…Flexibility is then obtained as a positive side effect of cost minimization [15], which might be a feature of the EPOPT method. The iterative method, based on heuristics presented in [19] has been standard for EnergyPLAN users in the process of performing national energy analysis and recommendation of the strategies in South East Europe [39], Romania [40], Serbia [41], Croatia [42] and many other countries [43]. In this article the heuristic method is compared to a new optimization method (EPOPT) to look at how they reduce the flexibility gap and costs in sustainable national energy systems.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Two methods for decreasing the flexibility gap in national energy systems

Bjelić

Rajaković

Krajačić

et al. 2016

Energy

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Abstract:More variable renewable energy sources and energy efficiency measures create an additional flexibility gap and require a novel energy planning method for sustainable national energy systems. The firstly presented method uses only EnergyPLAN tool in order to decrease the flexibility gap in a national energy system. Generic Optimization program (GenOpt®) is an optimization program for the minimization of a cost function that is evaluated by an external simulation program, such as EnergyPLAN, which was used as the second method in this research. Successful strategies to decrease the flexibility gap are verified on the case of the Serbian national energy system using two methods for its structure design: (1) the iterative method, based on heuristics and manual procedure of using only EnergyPLAN, and (2) the optimization method, based on soft-linking of EnergyPLAN with GenOpt®. The latter method, named EPOPT (EnergyPlan-genOPT), found the solution for the structure of the sustainable national energy system at the total cost of 8,190 M€, while the iterative method was only able to find solutions at the cost in the range of 8,251-8,598 M€ by targeting only one sustainability goal. The advantages of the EPOPT method are its accuracy, user-friendliness and minimal costs, are valuable for planners. Highlights Heuristic and optimization method for sustainable national energy system structure  The same input assumptions resulting in different energy system structure  Both methods are successful in decreasing of the flexibility gap  The EPOPT method advantages are in the speed, accuracy and planner comfort  Advanced method for the sustainable national energy policy planning

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“…In [9], the integration of renewable-based electricity (RES-E) for the replacement of NPPs in Germany is examined, concluding that the expansion of power grid and the provision of balancing power might be the main barriers in this regard. Gota et al [10] has employed hourly energy system analysis to study the reduction of nuclear power capacity in Romania, replaced by fluctuating RES. They highlighted lower power exports and the need for energy storage (or other flexibility measures) as two drawbacks of such substitution plans.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Wind Integration into Energy Systems with a High Share of Nuclear Power—What Are the Compromises?

2015

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Towards low-carbon energy systems, there are countries with ongoing plans for expanding their nuclear power capacity, and simultaneously advancing the role of variable renewable energy sources (RES), namely wind and solar energy. This crossroads of capital-intensive, baseload power production and uncontrollable, intermittent RES may entail new challenges in the optimal and economic operation of power systems. This study examines this case by hourly analysis of a national-level energy system with the EnergyPLAN modeling tool, coupled with wind integration simulations (including uncertainty) implemented using MATLAB. We evaluate the maximum feasible wind integration under different scenarios for nuclear power plants, energy demand, and the flexibility of energy infrastructure for a real case study (Finland). We propose wind-nuclear compromise charts to envision the impact of any mix of these two technologies on four parameters: total costs, power exchange, carbon emissions, and renewable energy integration. The results suggest that nuclear power constrains the room for maximum uptake of wind energy by a descending parabolic relationship. If nuclear power production exceeds 50% of the total power demand, wind will be unlikely to penetrate in shares over 15% of the respective demand. Moreover, we investigate the role of four flexibility options: demand side management, electrical energy storage, smart electric heating, and large-scale heat pumps (backed with thermal energy storage). Heat pumps (which are in connection with combined heat and power (CHP) and district heating systems) offer the highest efficiency in balancing excess power from variable RES. However, power-to-heat options offer a limited OPEN ACCESSEnergies 2015, 8 2494 capability for absorbing high-level excess power, as oversupply arises mainly in the periods with relatively low demand for heat. This calls for longer-term energy storage and/or other flexibility options to achieve the planned targets in wind-nuclear scenarios.

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A Romanian energy system model and a nuclear reduction strategy

Cited by 47 publications

References 18 publications

Wind energy integration into future energy systems based on conventional plants – The case study of Croatia

Wind energy integration into future energy systems based on conventional plants – The case study of Croatia

Two methods for decreasing the flexibility gap in national energy systems

Wind Integration into Energy Systems with a High Share of Nuclear Power—What Are the Compromises?

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