A role of thiamphenicol glycinate acetylcysteinate for therapy of respiratory diseases (a review)

Abstract

This article is a review of published studies on the clinical application of thiamphenicol glycinate acetylcysteinate (TGA) in the treatment of acute and chronic upper and lower respiratory tract diseases. Search for literature in Medline and eLibrary databases was performed. The special place that the drug holds in clinical practice, due to the specific properties of its components - mucolytic N-acetylcysteine (NAC) and antibiotic tiamphenicol. In addition to the usual mucolytic effects, NAC has antioxidant properties, which extends the range of its clinical effectiveness. The antibiotic thiamphenicol has antimicrobial activity against staphylococci, streptococci and gram-negative microorganisms. TGA can be administered by parenteral and inhalation routes. Inhalation route of drug injection is preferable in the treatment of acute and chronic bronchopulmonary diseases, because it allows to create a higher concentration of the drug in the respiratory tract, is associated with much less systemic effects and less often accompanied by the development of side effects. The results of TGA application in the treatment of both acute and chronic upper respiratory diseases (rhinosinusitis, otitis, pharyngotonsillitis) and bronchopulmonary diseases (chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, bronchoectasis) are considered in this review. It has been shown that the drug is quite effective in most patients and its effectiveness sometimes exceeds that of standard oral antibiotics. TGA also allows you to effectively combat biofilms, which have high antibacterial resistance. Thus, the published data allow us to speak about the high antibacterial effectiveness of TGA in acute and chronic infectious diseases of the upper and lower respiratory tract, including cases with the formation of biofilms.