A role of biomaterials in tissue engineering and drug encapsulation

Abstract

The paper provides an introduction to biomaterials covered and their available types, such as metal, ceramic, polymer, and composites. Biomaterials are structures, devices, or materials that may repair or implant tissue. Biomaterials are biocompatible that have high mechanical strength, and need a long time to break down. A biomaterial is any natural or synthetic material that regularly touches the human body or is utilized to replace or restore biological tissue—metallic systems in the body and numerous ceramic and polymeric implant materials and systems. Polymers as biomaterials have had a significant impact on medical technology development. Furthermore, features of biomaterials such as mechanical, physical, and chemical qualities have been detailed to assist users in selecting the best biomaterial for their needs based on these properties. While these materials do not replace human tissues’ function, they have good physical and mechanical qualities that allow them to be used as body tissue substitutes. Apart from this, biomaterials are applied in various fields, including medicine and pharmacy. Biodegradable polymeric biomaterials, in particular, offer the advantage of being able to be broken down and removed once their purpose is completed. The most common biomaterials are used in tissue engineering, medicine delivery systems, orthopedic, orthodontic, wound healing, and cardiovascular applications. The conclusion summarizes that biomaterials are the most advantageous in medical science. Biomaterial and cellular biology researchers have been working to make biomanufacturing technologies more broadly available for a long time. The main area of focus is medicine, where technology is critical in studying and preventing uncommon diseases.

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