A role for metabolism in determining neonatal immune function

Holm, Sean R; Jenkins, Ben J; Cronin, James G.; Jones, Nicholas; Thornton, Catherine A.

doi:10.1111/pai.13583

Cited by 7 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 178 publications

(300 reference statements)

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“…Neonatal immunity tends to lean towards Th2 induction, explained by the reduced MHC-II expression [36]. While TLR receptors operate quantitatively similar to adult receptors, qualitative deficiencies, such as reduced expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines, are observed [39]. These characteristics along with the reduced adhesion ability and chemotactic activity collectively impact the function of the neonatal monocytes [36].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Maternal Vaccination for the Prevention of Infantile RSV Disease: An Overview of the Authorized, In-Progress, and Unsuccessful Vaccine Candidates.

Papazisis,

Topalidou

2024

Preprint

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Respiratory Syncytial Virus (RSV) continues to pose a significant challenge, contributing to elevated hospitalization rates among children up to 5 years old, with a disproportionate burden on newborn and infants under 6 months old. The unique characteristics of the young immune system make it prone to altered responses to infections and vaccinations, requiring a tailored approach to disease prevention. The recent approval of the maternal RSV vaccine, (brand name ABRYSVO), represents a pivotal advancement in preventive strategies among newborns and infants, marking a milestone in RSV research as the first market-approved maternal vaccine. The present review examines clinical trial data on both recent and previous vaccine candidates, as well as the licensed vaccine, focusing on the prevention of RSV disease in newborns and young infants through the passive acquisition of antibodies following maternal immunization. Additionally, it evaluates the safety profile of these vaccines.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Maternal Vaccination for the Prevention of Infantile RSV Disease: An Overview of the Authorized, In-Progress, and Unsuccessful Vaccine Candidates.

Papazisis,

Topalidou

2024

Preprint

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“…Nonetheless, it was demonstrated that neonatal CD8 + T cells are biased to exhibit higher glycolytic activity than their adult counterparts after infection, which limits the formation of memory cells [ 43 ]. Most likely, other metabolic pathways may be implicated in the regulation of neonatal T-cell responses, which could be promising targets to improve memory formation in early life [ 44 ].…”

Section: Early-life T Cells In Micementioning

confidence: 99%

Update on Early-Life T Cells: Impact on Oral Rotavirus Vaccines

Montenegro,

Perdomo-Celis,

Franco

2024

Viruses

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Rotavirus infection continues to be a significant public health problem in developing countries, despite the availability of several vaccines. The efficacy of oral rotavirus vaccines in young children may be affected by significant immunological differences between individuals in early life and adults. Therefore, understanding the dynamics of early-life systemic and mucosal immune responses and the factors that affect them is essential to improve the current rotavirus vaccines and develop the next generation of mucosal vaccines. This review focuses on the advances in T-cell development during early life in mice and humans, discussing how immune homeostasis and response to pathogens is established in this period compared to adults. Finally, the review explores how this knowledge of early-life T-cell immunity could be utilized to enhance current and novel rotavirus vaccines.

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“…More recently, there has been growing emphasis on the contribution of MI, defined as the presence of placental inflammation with sustained proinflammatory markers in fetuses and neonates, to the development of adverse sequelae, especially neurodevelopmental disorders. [1][2][3] Furthermore, some studies suggest that MI is associated with maternal metabolic disorders 4 and glucocorticoid levels, adversely affecting offspring's innate immune development. 5 The T-cell population in early postnatal life is precisely engineered to respond to various immunological demands, such as balancing immunotolerance and defending against pathogens.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sex‐specific differences in T‐cell immune dysregulation and aberrant response to inflammatory stimuli in offspring exposed to maternal chronic inflammation

Liu

Kirschen

et al. 2022

American J Rep Immunol

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Problems: Maternal chronic inflammation (MI) can adversely affect offspring's immune development resulting in dysregulation of splenic T cells. Interleukin 1 beta contributes to mediating inflammation in the placenta to induce fetal toxicity and cause long-term postnatal sequelae. In this study, we investigated how MI affects the T-cell immune development from the fetal to the neonatal period and how offspring responded to postnatal IL-1β challenge when exposed to an adverse intrauterine environment. We also extend these studies to examine the sex-specific differences. Methods of Study: Time-pregnant CD1 dams were administrated with four consecutive injections of mouse recombinant Interleukin-1β (rIL-1β) or phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) from embryonic day (E)14 to E17. Pups were treated with rIL-1β or PBS at postnatal day (PND)11 (pre-weaning) or PND24 (post-weaning). Pups' splenic immune cells were isolated and then characterized using flow cytometry. Results: At PND12, no differences were observed either in Ctrl or MI offspring. At PND25, we observed elevated amount of CD8 + T cells, descending CD4 + /CD8 + and Treg/Teff ratio in MI offspring. Pre-weaning rIL-1β administration did not affect T-cell subpopulation in Ctrl pups while post-weaning rIL-1β administration increased T cells and CD8 + T cells and decreased CD4 + /CD8 + and Treg/Teff ratio in Ctrl offspring. Furthermore, pre-weaning rIL-1β administration decreased the frequency of T cells and Treg/Teff ratio in MI pups while post-weaning rIL-1β administration increased Tregs and Treg/Teff in MI pups. Regarding sex-specific changes, we observed that at PND12, MI females exhibited higher CD4 + /CD8 + and Treg/Teff ratio than Ctrl females. At PND25, we observed elevated amount of CD8 + T cells, descending CD4 + /CD8 + and Treg/Teff ratio in MI Females, while MI males did not show any changes in T-cell population. Pre-weaning rIL-1β administration decreased T-cell frequency in both MI males and females and decreased Treg/Teff ratio only in MI females. Post-weaning rIL-1β administration increased Tregs and Treg/Teff ratio, and decreased CD4 + /CD8 + ratio in MI females.

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A role for metabolism in determining neonatal immune function

Cited by 7 publications

References 178 publications

Maternal Vaccination for the Prevention of Infantile RSV Disease: An Overview of the Authorized, In-Progress, and Unsuccessful Vaccine Candidates.

Maternal Vaccination for the Prevention of Infantile RSV Disease: An Overview of the Authorized, In-Progress, and Unsuccessful Vaccine Candidates.

Update on Early-Life T Cells: Impact on Oral Rotavirus Vaccines

Sex‐specific differences in T‐cell immune dysregulation and aberrant response to inflammatory stimuli in offspring exposed to maternal chronic inflammation

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