A Role for Helicobacter pylori in Gastric Carcinoma?

Loffeld, R. J. L. F.; Willems, I. E. M. G.; Arends, J. W.

doi:10.1007/978-3-642-77486-7_38

Cited by 13 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 5 publications

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“…There are abundant examples of infectious agents that do not directly cause cell transformation but are nevertheless clearly associated with increased frequency of development of certain types of cancer. These include microbes representing different kingdoms of life such as Helicobacter pylori, which is associated with gastric cancer and MALT-lymphoma 2,3 ; Schistosoma haematobium, which is associated with bladder cancer 4 ; Opisthorchis viverrini, which is associated with cholangiocarcinoma 5 ; hepatitis B and C viruses, which are associated with liver cancer [6][7][8] ; and many others (for review, see Rook and Dalgleish 9 ). The only unifying theme among this diverse group of pathogens is their ability to cause long-lasting, frequently latent infections accompanied by mild chronic inflammation that may last for years with no or minimal symptoms.…”

Section: Inflammation and Cancer Developmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Inflammation and p53: A Tale of Two Stresses

Gudkov

Gurova²,

Komarova³

2011

Genes & Cancer

171

145

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Numerous observations indicate a strong link between chronic inflammation and cancer. This link is supported by substantial experimental evidence indicating mutual negative regulation of NF-κB, the major regulator of inflammation, and p53, the major tumor suppressor. This antagonistic relationship reflects the opposite principles of the physiological responses driven by these transcription factors, which act as sensors and mediators of intrinsic and extrinsic cell stresses, respectively. Constitutive activation of NF-κB, the underlying cause of chronic inflammation, is a common acquired characteristic of tumors. A variety of experimental methods have been used to demonstrate that constitutive activation of NF-κB reduces the tumor suppressor activity of p53, thereby creating permissive conditions for dominant oncogene-mediated transformation. Loss of p53 activity is also a characteristic of the majority of tumors and results in unleashed inflammatory responses due to loss of p53-mediated NF-κB suppression. On the other hand, in natural or pharmacological situations of enforced p53 activation, NF-κB activity, inflammation, and immune responses are reduced, resulting in different pathologies. It is likely that the chronic inflammation that is commonly acquired in various tissues of older mammals leads to general suppression of p53 function, which would explain the increased risk of cancer observed in aging animals and humans. Although the molecular mechanisms underlying reciprocal negative regulation of p53 and NF-κB remain to be deciphered, this phenomenon has important implications for pharmacological prevention of cancer and aging and for new approaches to control inflammation.

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Section: Inflammation and Cancer Developmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Inflammation and p53: A Tale of Two Stresses

Gudkov

Gurova²,

Komarova³

2011

Genes & Cancer

171

145

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“…4,5 Although H. pylori infection has been shown to be closely associated with the occurrence of welldifferentiated adenocarcinoma in the stomach of middle-aged or elderly patients, 6 the contribution of the infection to the development of gastric cancer in young patients has not been elucidated, simply because the incidence of gastric cancer is low in the young. 1,2,7 Even in pathological investigations, there have been only sparse data regarding the characteristics of the background gastric mucosa in young patients with intramucosal gastric cancer.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Intramucosal gastric adenocarcinoma of poorly differentiated type in the young is characterized by Helicobacter pylori infection and antral lymphoid hyperplasia

et al. 2007

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The aim of this investigation was to clarify the histological characteristics of gastric cancer in the young. Twenty-three surgically resected specimens of young patients (under 30 years of age; young group) with intramucosal cancer of poorly differentiated type and 42 surgically resected specimens of elderly patients (more than 40 years of age; elderly group) with tumors of the identical depth and histological type were examined. The degree of gastritis and Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infection was evaluated according to the updated Sydney system. The incidence of H. pylori infection was significantly higher in the young group than in the elderly group (96 vs 36%, Po0.05). Within the background mucosa, antral chronic inflammatory infiltrates with lymphoid-follicle hyperplasia were more severe, and intestinal metaplasia was less frequent in the young group than in the elderly group. Glandular atrophy was not different between the two groups. Intramucosal gastric adenocarcinomas of poorly differentiated type in the young may be associated with H. pylori infection with antral chronic inflammation with lymphoid-follicle hyperplasia, regardless of the existence of intestinal metaplasia within the background gastric mucosa.

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“…[2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13] Now H. pylori has been established as a causative factor in chronic atrophic gastritis, peptic ulcer disease, Mucosa-Associated Lymphoid Tissue (MALT) lymphoma and gastric cancer.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Serological Immunoglobulin G Antibody Titers to Helicobacter pylori in Japanese Brazilian and Non‐Japanese Brazilian Gastric Cancer Patients and Controls in São Paul

Fujioka

Fahey

Hamada

et al. 2001

Japanese Journal of Cancer Research

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Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infection is considered a cause of gastric cancer (GC), though evidence for this association is scarce in high-risk areas. Possible case control and/or ethnic differences were investigated as to the presence of H. pylori and its immunogloblin G antibody titer in the multi-ethnic city of São Paulo, where the incidence of GC is relatively high. We performed a cross-sectional comparison of antibody titers to H. pylori in Japanese Brazilian, and non-Japanese Brazilian GC patients and their controls. Japanese Brazilian patients were matched by age, sex and ethnicity with two controls, while non-Japanese Brazilian patients were matched as above with one control. Among Japanese Brazilians 14) The IARC (International Agency for Research on Cancer) designated H. pylori as group I (definite carcinogen) based on epidemiological investigation in 1994, so that the relation between H. pylori and gastric cancer has now drawn world-wide attention. 15)Although gastric cancer is estimated to be the world's second most common carcinoma, its incidence has significantly declined worldwide in recent decades. 16,17) In Japan, gastric cancer has been the leading cause of cancer mortality, 18) and the prevalence of H. pylori infection is high. 19)However, the incidence and mortality rate of gastric cancer have declined over the last few decades, 18,20) presumably due to environmental factors. 21,22) In many areas of the world outside Japan, including Russia, China, Costa Rica, Colombia and Brazil, the incidence of gastric cancer is higher than that of any other cancer.23) Japanese immigrants to the United States (Hawaii) have exhibited a sharp decline in gastric cancer, notably among first-generation Japanese-Americans.11) The incidence of gastric cancer among Japanese residents (born in Japan) in the city of São Paulo was approximately two times higher than among non-Japanese Brazilians, while the rate was only 15% lower than that of Japanese living in Japan. 24)The above findings suggest that there may be ethnic differences in the presence of serological antibody to H.

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A Role for Helicobacter pylori in Gastric Carcinoma?

Cited by 13 publications

References 5 publications

Inflammation and p53: A Tale of Two Stresses

Inflammation and p53: A Tale of Two Stresses

Intramucosal gastric adenocarcinoma of poorly differentiated type in the young is characterized by Helicobacter pylori infection and antral lymphoid hyperplasia

Serological Immunoglobulin G Antibody Titers to Helicobacter pylori in Japanese Brazilian and Non‐Japanese Brazilian Gastric Cancer Patients and Controls in São Paul

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