A Role for GIBBERELLIN 2-OXIDASE6 and Gibberellins in Regulating Nectar Production

Wiesen, Lisa; Bender, Ricci L.; Paradis, Travis; Larson, Alexie A.; Perera, Minoli A.; Nikolau, Basil J.; Olszewski, Neil E.; Carter, Clay J.

doi:10.1016/j.molp.2015.12.019

Cited by 23 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 10 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…While Arabidopsis and Nicotiana spp. have been extensively studied as genetic models for nectar production (Bender et al., , ; Carter, Graham, & Thornburg, ; Carter, Shafir, Yehonatan, Palmer, & Thornburg, ; Carter & Thornburg, , , ,,; Carter et al., ; Hampton et al., ; Horner et al., ; Kram & Carter, ; Kram et al., ; Lin et al., ; Liu & Thornburg, ; Liu et al., ; Naqvi et al., ; Ren, Healy, Horner, et al., ; Ren, Healy, Klyne, et al., ; Roy et al., ; Ruhlmann et al., ; Stitz, Hartl, Baldwin, & Gaquerel, ; Thomas, Hampton, Dorn, Marks, & Carter, ; Thornburg et al., ; Wiesen et al., ), an expansion of molecular biology approaches into other systems with larger nectaries (Figure ) that produce copious amounts of nectar will aid our understanding of nectary biology, particularly with regard to quantitative biochemical, physiological, and comparative studies. Our study has revealed a plethora of squash genes and metabolic processes that are temporally regulated as the nectary progresses from pre‐secretion to secretion to post‐secretion stages of development.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 70%

“…To understand the nexus of genes and processes that are activated in C. pepo nectaries throughout maturation, we decided to take a transcriptomic strategy. This approach was previously used with Arabidopsis nectaries (Kram, Xu, & Carter, ) and led to the identification of key genes that regulate nectary function and nectar production [e.g., (Bender et al., , ; Kram & Carter, ; Lin et al., ; Ruhlmann et al., ; Schmitt, Roy, Klinkenberg, Jia, & Carter, ; Wiesen et al., )]. Squash nectaries are considerably larger than Arabidopsis (~1 cm diameter for squash vs. ~100 μm for Arabidopsis) and produce relatively large amounts of nectar (>50 μl for squash vs. ≪1 μl for Arabidopsis, per flower).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

An integrated transcriptomics and metabolomics analysis of the Cucurbita pepo nectary implicates key modules of primary metabolism involved in nectar synthesis and secretion

et al. 2019

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Nectar is the main reward that flowers offer to pollinators to entice repeated visitation. Cucurbita pepo (squash) is an excellent model for studying nectar biology, as it has large nectaries that produce large volumes of nectar relative to most other species. Squash is also monoecious, having both female and male flowers on the same plant, which allows comparative analyses of nectary function in one individual. Here, we report the nectary transcriptomes from both female and male nectaries at four stages of floral maturation. Analysis of these transcriptomes and subsequent confirmatory experiments revealed a metabolic progression in nectaries leading from starch synthesis to starch degradation and to sucrose biosynthesis. These results are consistent with previously published models of nectar secretion and also suggest how a sucrose‐rich nectar can be synthesized and secreted in the absence of active transport across the plasma membrane. Nontargeted metabolomic analyses of nectars also confidently identified 40 metabolites in both female and male nectars, with some displaying preferential accumulation in nectar of either male or female flowers. Cumulatively, this study identified gene targets for reverse genetics approaches to study nectary function, as well as previously unreported nectar metabolites that may function in plant‐biotic interactions.

show abstract

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 70%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

An integrated transcriptomics and metabolomics analysis of the Cucurbita pepo nectary implicates key modules of primary metabolism involved in nectar synthesis and secretion

et al. 2019

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…This approach was previously used with Arabidopsis nectaries (Kram et al, 2009) and led to the identification of key genes that regulate nectary function and nectar production [e.g. (Kram and Carter, 2009; Ruhlmann et al, 2010; Bender et al, 2012; Bender et al, 2013; Lin et al, 2014; Wiesen et al, 2016; Schmitt et al, 2018)]. Squash nectaries are considerably larger than Arabidopsis (~1 cm diameter for squash vs. ~100 μM for Arabidopsis) and produce relatively large amounts of nectar (>50 μl for squash vs. <<1 μl for Arabidopsis, per flower).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

An integrated transcriptomics and metabolomics analysis of theCucurbita peponectary implicates key modules of primary metabolism involved in nectar synthesis and secretion

Solhaug

Roy

Chatt

et al. 2018

Preprint

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Nectar is the main reward that flowers offer to pollinators to entice repeated visitation. Cucurbita pepo (squash) is an excellent model for studying nectar biology, as it has large nectaries that produce large volumes of nectar relative to most other species. Squash is also monoecious, having both female and male flowers on the same plant, which allows comparative analyses of nectary function in one individual. Here we report the nectary transcriptomes from both female and male nectaries at four stages of floral maturation. Analysis of these transcriptomes and subsequent confirmatory experiments revealed a metabolic progression in nectaries leading from starch synthesis to starch degradation and to sucrose biosynthesis. These results are consistent with previously published models of nectar secretion and also suggest how a sucrose-rich nectar can be synthesized and secreted in the absence of active transport across the plasma membrane. Non-targeted metabolomic analyses of nectars also confidently identified 40 metabolites in both female and male nectars, with some displaying preferential accumulation in nectar of either male or female flowers. Cumulatively, this study identified gene targets for reverse genetics approaches to study nectary function, as well as previously unreported nectar metabolites that may function in plant-biotic interactions.

show abstract

“…Specifically, we compared and contrasted the nectary morphologies, nectary transcriptomes, and nectar metabolomes of the floral, bracteal, circumbracteal, and foliar nectaries of cotton. These data build upon genetic models for nectar production developed primarily using floral nectaries of Arabidopsis and Nicotiana spp., which are nectary tissues containing modified stomata, referred to as ‘nectarostomata’ (Bender et al, 2012, 2013, Carter et al, 1999, 2006, 2007, Carter and Thornburg, 2000, 2004; Hampton et al, 2010; Kram and Carter, 2009; Lin et al, 2014; Liu and Thornburg, 2012; Ren et al, 2007; Ruhlmann et al, 2010; Thomas et al, 2017; Thornburg et al, 2003; Wiesen et al, 2016). Thus, this study evaluates the applicability of the nectar production model developed from studies of floral nectaries to extrafloral nectaries, and nectaries that are composed of secretory trichomes (papillae).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Systems analyses of key metabolic modules of floral and extrafloral nectaries of cotton

Chatt

Mahalim

Mohd-Fadzil

et al. 2019

Preprint

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

23United States 24 25 Author contributions 26 ECC, CJC, and BJN conceived and planned the study. Sample collection, microscopy, and 27 metabolomic analyses were conducted by ECC, SNM, and NAMF. Additional contributions 28 for microscopic analyses were provided by HTH. RNA preparation was completed by PMK, 29 RR, and CJC. MH processed all RNAseq data and conducted informatics analyses in 30 conjunction with ECC. ECC and BJN wrote the manuscript with feedback from all 31 coauthors. 33One sentence summary 34 The eccrine-based model of nectar synthesis and secretion is conserved in both trichomatic 35 and extrafloral nectaries determined by a system-based comparison of cotton (Gossypium 36 hirsutum) nectaries. 37 Abstract 47 Nectar is a primary reward mediating plant-animal mutualisms to improve plant fitness and 48 reproductive success. In Gossypium hirsutum (cotton), four distinct trichomatic nectaries 49 develop, one floral and three extrafloral. The secreted floral and extrafloral nectars serve 50 different purposes, with the floral nectar attracting bees to promote pollination and the 51 extrafloral nectar attracting predatory insects as a means of indirect resistance from herbivores. 52 Cotton therefore provides an ideal system to contrast mechanisms of nectar production and 53 nectar composition between floral and extrafloral nectaries. Here, we report the transcriptome, 54 ultrastructure, and metabolite spatial distribution using mass spectrometric imaging of the four 55 cotton nectary types throughout development. Additionally, the secreted nectar metabolomes 56 were defined and were jointly composed of 197 analytes, 60 of which were identified. 57 Integration of theses datasets support the coordination of merocrine-based and eccrine-based 58 models of nectar synthesis. The nectary ultrastructure supports the merocrine-based model due 59 to the abundance of rough endoplasmic reticulum positioned parallel to the cell walls and 60 profusion of vesicles fusing to the plasma membranes. The eccrine-based model which consist 61 of a progression from starch synthesis to starch degradation and to sucrose biosynthesis was 62 supported by gene expression data. This demonstrates conservation of the eccrine-based model 63 for the first time in both trichomatic and extrafloral nectaries. Lastly, nectary gene expression 64 data provided evidence to support de novo synthesis of amino acids detected in the secreted 65 nectars.66 67 68 69 130 synthesis to assess for the first time whether this model is conserved among trichomatic and 131 extrafloral nectaries. 132 Results 133 Domesticated Upland cotton, G. hirsutum (TM-1), develops four types of nectaries, 134 three are extrafloral and one is floral, and all consist of multicellular glandular trichomes, 135 specifically called papillae. The three extrafloral nectary types, foliar, bracteal, and 136 circumbracteal, are subcategorized as vegetative or reproductive. The vegetative foliar nectary 137is located on the abaxial surface of the leaf midrib ( Fig. 1A; Fig...

show abstract

A Role for GIBBERELLIN 2-OXIDASE6 and Gibberellins in Regulating Nectar Production

Cited by 23 publications

References 10 publications

An integrated transcriptomics and metabolomics analysis of the Cucurbita pepo nectary implicates key modules of primary metabolism involved in nectar synthesis and secretion

An integrated transcriptomics and metabolomics analysis of the Cucurbita pepo nectary implicates key modules of primary metabolism involved in nectar synthesis and secretion

An integrated transcriptomics and metabolomics analysis of theCucurbita peponectary implicates key modules of primary metabolism involved in nectar synthesis and secretion

Systems analyses of key metabolic modules of floral and extrafloral nectaries of cotton

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About