A Robust Wide-Area Measurement-Based Damping Controller for Networks With Embedded Multiterminal and Multiinfeed HVDC Links

Abstract

Many critical industrial control systems integrate a mixture of state-of-the-art and legacy equipment. Legacy installations lack advanced, and often even basic security features, risking entire system security. Existing research primarily focuses on the development of secure protocols for emerging devices or protocol translation proxies for legacy equipment. However, a robust security framework not only needs encryption but also mechanisms to prevent reconnaissance and unauthorized access to industrial devices. This paper proposes a novel Edge Security Gateway (ESG) that provides both, communication and endpoint security. The ESG is based on double ratchet algorithm and encrypts every message with a different key. It manages the ongoing renewal of short-lived session keys and provides localized firewall protection to individual devices. The ESG is easily customizable for a wide range of industrial application. As a use case, this paper presents the design and validation for synchrophasor technology in smart grid. The ESG effectiveness is practically validated in detecting reconnaissance, manipulation, replay, and command injection attacks due to its perfect forward and backward secrecy properties.

Archives of Electrical Engineering

“…Various control techniques have been used to increase the damping ratio to suppress the LFO for power systems, such as power system stabilizers (PSSs) [3][4][5][6], flexible AC transmission systems (FACTSs) [7][8][9], and the additional damping control of HVDC [10,11]. The high controllability and fast response characteristics of HVDC can be used to damp LFO by adding supplementary control on the basis of original control, which was noted in [12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22]. In [12], an additional damping controller for LCC-HVDC provided by the multilevel linear optimal method has the advantages of good adaptability.…”

“…Reference [16] presented a novel combined design of VSC-HVDC and PSS controllers to enhance the damping of the power system. Wide area measurement systems (WAMSs) are increasingly applied in large-scale power systems, so the wide area damping control of HVDC to suppress LFOs has become the subject of considerable attention among many researchers [17][18][19]. In [17], a wide-area multi-HVDC damping controller based on power system state space model identification of auto regressive exogenous was designed to improve damping efficiently.…”

Coupling of AC Grids via VSC-HVDC Interconnections for Oscillation Damping Based on Differential and Common Power Control

“…For example, Preece et al [16] demonstrated a controller for POD based on a Linear Quadratic Gaussian regulator by using WAMS. Pierre et al [17] proposed a supervisory controller for inter-area POD by using real-time frequency measurements, while Agnihotri et al [18] designed a robust controller that considered partial and complete loss of communications. These control strategies showed satisfactory performance, but the requirement of fast communication increases the system complexity and reduces reliability [19].…”

Virtual Friction Control for Power System Oscillation Damping with VSC-HVDC Links

“…Other authors focused on control strategies for POD by using Wide Area Measurement Signals (WAMS). For example, Pierre et al [15] proposed a supervisory controller for inter-area POD by using real-time frequency measurements, while Agnihotri et al [16] designed a robust controller that considered the loss of communications. These controllers showed satisfactory performance, but the requirement of fast communication reduces the reliability.…”