“…Moreover, Yan and colleagues (Yan et al., 2020) reported false positive familiarity responses in five out of 14 participants ( p = .36) when faces were presented in upright orientation, and even in eight out of 14 participants ( p = .57) with inverted stimulus presentation (i.e., in the condition in which face recognition should be less likely). A further recent study (Yan & Rossion, 2020) reports reliable familiarity effects in all tested participants, which is similar to the present Experiment 1, but does not report a false alarm rate. Given the relatively small sample size in all experiments, including those we present here, there remains substantial uncertainty about the precision of these estimates (Cumming, 2012).…”