A Robust Electrochemical CO<sub>2</sub> Sensor Utilizing Room Temperature Ionic Liquids

Graef, Edward; Munje, Rujuta D.; Prasad, Shalini

doi:10.1109/tnano.2017.2672599

Cited by 15 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…The surface current densities contributed by the electrolyte from WE to RE decreases from 33 μA/m 2 to 0 µA/m 2 and no parasitic currents are contributed from the electrodes going from WE to RE. The group has previously demonstrated enhanced CO 2 sensing performance on gold linear IDE design vis-à-vis carbon circular IDE design 13 . The equations governing the defined boundary conditions, simulated potential distribution (see Fig.…”

Section: Rationale Behind Using the Interdigitated Electrode Design mentioning

confidence: 99%

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CLIP: Carbon Dioxide testing suitable for Low power microelectronics and IOT interfaces using Room temperature Ionic Liquid Platform

Bhide

Jagannath

Tanak

et al. 2020

Sci Rep

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Health and safety considerations of room occupants in enclosed spaces is crucial for building management which entails control and stringent monitoring of co 2 levels to maintain acceptable air quality standards and improve energy efficiency. Smart building management systems equipped with portable, low-power, non-invasive co 2 sensing techniques can predict room occupancy detection based on co 2 levels exhaled by humans. In this work, we have demonstrated the development and proof-offeasibility working of an electrochemical RtiL-based sensor prototype for co 2 detection in exhaled human breath. The portability, small form factor, embedded RTIL sensing element, integrability with low-power microelectronic and iot interfaces makes this co 2 sensor prototype a potential application for passive room occupancy monitoring. This prototype exhibits a wide dynamic range of 400-8000 ppm, a short response time of ~10 secs, and a reset time of ~6 secs in comparison to commercial standards. The calibration response of the prototype exhibits an R 2 of 0.956. With RTIL as the sensing element, we have achieved a sensitivity of 29 pF/ppm towards CO 2 at ambient environmental conditions and a three times greater selectivity towards co 2 in the presence of n 2 and o 2. CO 2 detection is accomplished by quantifying the capacitance modulations arising within the electrical double layer from the RtiL-co 2 interactions through Ac-based electrochemical impedance spectroscopy and Dcbased chronoamperometry. Monitoring of CO 2 levels has been a crucial subject of research interest worldwide in regard to efficient building occupancy management for indoor occupancy comfort and energy-savings 1. In the US, indoor air quality monitoring and occupancy comforts account for 40% of the total energy usage 2. Intelligent buildings have adopted system controls that communicate with the deployed sensor network within the building to optimize occupancy comforts and energy consumption. IOT based sensor technology is gaining attraction and has made its way into building management systems to monitor vital indoor environmental parameters such as acoustics, CO, VOC, small particulate matter, CO 2 , temperature, and humidity. Information collected from all these sensors can be utilized to predict patterns for preventing mishaps and take corrective actions in advance for effective building maintenance 3. The smart sensor network should be capable of automatically modulating its air ventilation to avoid excessive ventilation for energy savings in areas with highly variable and dense occupancy 4. Exhaled human breath is the main source of CO 2 production in indoor spaces and is a widely used indicator of room occupancy. CO 2 is regarded as a toxic contaminant with acceptable exposure limit of 5000 ppm over an 8-hour window or a short exposure limit of 15,000-30,000 ppm for 15-minutes according to OSHA and ASHREA standards. The CO 2 levels produced by humans are much higher than the CO 2 present in outdoor environment. Studies show that the indoor CO 2 concent...

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Section: Rationale Behind Using the Interdigitated Electrode Design mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…RTILs possess characteristic properties such as high ionicity, low volatility, high physical and chemical stability, and wide electrochemical window which are advantageous from the perspective of gas sensing applications 12 . Our group has previously characterized various RTILs and demonstrated their feasibility for CO 2 and humidity sensing [13][14][15][16] .…”

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confidence: 99%

CLIP: Carbon Dioxide testing suitable for Low power microelectronics and IOT interfaces using Room temperature Ionic Liquid Platform

Bhide

Jagannath

Tanak

et al. 2020

Sci Rep

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“…The IDE is a well-known miniaturized platform for its use in real-field applications and for its effectiveness in measuring diffusion as its interdigitated architecture results in a high surface-to-volume ratio. Our group introduced such a platform few years ago for real field detection of CO 2 [50]. The selected IDE design uses a microliter volume of the sample, is easy to fabricate, robust in sensing, and allows for incorporation into a hand-held device.…”

Section: Portable Amperometric Interdigitated Electrode (Ide) Sensor mentioning

confidence: 99%

Characterization of Room-Temperature Ionic Liquids to Study the Electrochemical Activity of Nitro Compounds

Banga

Paul

Muthukumar

et al. 2020

Sensors

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Over the past few years, room-temperature ionic liquid (RTIL) has evolved as an important solvent-cum-electrolyte because of its high thermal stability and excellent electrochemical activity. Due to these unique properties, RTILs have been used as a solvent/electrolyte/mediator in many applications. There are many RTILs, which possess good conductivity as well as an optimal electrochemical window, thus enabling their application as a transducer for electrochemical sensors. Nitroaromatics are a class of organic compounds with significant industrial applications; however, due to their excess use, detection is a major concern. The electrochemical performance of a glassy carbon electrode modified with three different RTILs, [EMIM][BF4], [BMIM][BF4] and [EMIM][TF2N], has been evaluated for the sensing of two different nitroaromatic analytes: 2,6-dinitrotoluene (2,6 DNT) and ethylnitrobenzene (ENB). Three RTILs have been chosen such that they have either a common anion or cation amongst them. The sensory response has been measured using square wave voltammetry (SQWV). We found the transducing ability of [EMIM][BF4] to be superior compared to the other two RTILs. A low limit of detection (LOD) of 1 ppm has been achieved with a 95% confidence interval for both the analytes. The efficacy of varying the cationic and anionic species of RTIL to obtain a perfect combination has been thoroughly investigated in this work, which shows a novel selection process of RTILs for specific applications. Moreover, the results obtained from testing with a glassy carbon electrode (GCE) have been replicated using a miniaturized sensor platform that can be deployed easily for on-site sensing applications.

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“…[16][17][18] However, researchers have used electrochemical sensors for the detection of various VOCs and gas analytes. [19][20][21][22] Moreover, different materials have been explored for the development of electrochemical sensors for VOC detection in breath. [23][24][25][26][27][28][29] Metal Organic Framework (MOF) is a unique porous compound, made of metal ions/cluster and coordinated to organic ligand/fragment which forms one-, two-, or threedimensional framework.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

ZEUS (ZIF-based electrochemical ultrasensitive screening) device for isopentane analytics with focus on lung cancer diagnosis

et al. 2021

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A Robust Electrochemical CO₂ Sensor Utilizing Room Temperature Ionic Liquids

Cited by 15 publications

References 18 publications

CLIP: Carbon Dioxide testing suitable for Low power microelectronics and IOT interfaces using Room temperature Ionic Liquid Platform

CLIP: Carbon Dioxide testing suitable for Low power microelectronics and IOT interfaces using Room temperature Ionic Liquid Platform

Characterization of Room-Temperature Ionic Liquids to Study the Electrochemical Activity of Nitro Compounds

ZEUS (ZIF-based electrochemical ultrasensitive screening) device for isopentane analytics with focus on lung cancer diagnosis

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A Robust Electrochemical CO2 Sensor Utilizing Room Temperature Ionic Liquids

Cited by 15 publications

References 18 publications

CLIP: Carbon Dioxide testing suitable for Low power microelectronics and IOT interfaces using Room temperature Ionic Liquid Platform

CLIP: Carbon Dioxide testing suitable for Low power microelectronics and IOT interfaces using Room temperature Ionic Liquid Platform

Characterization of Room-Temperature Ionic Liquids to Study the Electrochemical Activity of Nitro Compounds

ZEUS (ZIF-based electrochemical ultrasensitive screening) device for isopentane analytics with focus on lung cancer diagnosis

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A Robust Electrochemical CO₂ Sensor Utilizing Room Temperature Ionic Liquids