A Robust Approach for Cooperation and Coopetition of Bio-Refineries Under Government Interventions by Considering Sustainability Factors

Abstract

The most significant international issue affecting society and the economy today is energy. Also, addressing sustainability issues, including environmental, economic, and social issues are the main goals of governments in developing and developed countries. Therefore, it has been in the interest of governments to consider strategies that could move the energy industry, especially fuel, towards clean fuel production. In this paper, the effect of government financial interventions under the coalition of bio-refineries to achieve sustainability goals has been studied. The proposed nonlinear model aims to obtain the optimum amount of biofuel production under the conditions of the cooperation of bio-refineries and government financial interventions. On the other hand, government sustainability goals are considered as functions related to economic, social, and environmental issues. Mulvey's robust approach is employed for controlling model uncertainties. For finding the best tariff policy, the MULTIMOORA approach is used by considering sustainability considerations, and the Best-Worst Approach is followed in obtaining the weights of the criteria. Furthermore, for the best tariff policy in a general coalition, sharing the profits among the biorefineries as players in a cooperative game, fair profit distribution methods were applied. Finally, managerial results were presented by a sensitivity analysis of the tariff parameter.

Cooperation and coopetition among retailers-third party logistics providers alliances under different risk behaviors, uncertainty demand and environmental considerations

“…All the parameter values are set according to the numerical examples in the literature and the problem conditions. To this end, two references including Jafarnejad et al ( 2020 ) and Hafezalkotob and Makui ( 2015 ) have been considered. It should be noted the numbers are not exactly repeated, but the exact patterns are followed to find the most suitable values for these problems.…”

How to Measure Sustainability in the Supply Chain Design: An Integrated Proposal from an Extensive and Systematic Literature Review

“…They also study meaningful aspects, such as the price competitiveness between ecological and conventional products [77,84,138]. Furthermore, 5.36% of the research articles correspond to biorefinery studies [82,153,472]. It mainly refers to using second-generation raw materials, i.e., organic waste, to produce energy products, such as biofuels, chemical components, food, and fertilizers.…”

Coopetition in the Context of the Sustainability Goals

“…The second group focuses research on the phenomenon of coopetition under which sustainability is considered as one of the many aspects influenced by coopetition. The studies in this context are based on different aspects of coopetition, but mention sustainability as a means or an indirect result of cooperation with competitors (Jafarnejad et al, 2020;Munten et al, 2021;Nguyen et al, 2022). 3.…”