A roadmap for hydrogel-based quasi-solid electrolyte preparation for use in dye-sensitized solar cell

A Guide for Cross‐Linking Modulation: The Record Rectifying Ratio of Hydrogel‐Based Ultra Flexible Ionic Diodes

“…When they can hold a highly ionic liquid, the probability of charge carrier motion among chains will also increase the electrical conductivity. [17] If studied at the molecular level, in hydrogels, the polar solvent will either bind to hydrophilic groups that are polar or fill in between the network chains or the interstitial spaces in the porous structure. In the polymer chain, the hydrophilic groups immobilize the molecules of the polar solvent through van der Waals affinity and bonding of hydrogen.…”

“…[68] The measurement of the dielectric constant also indicated a variation in polar architecture and charge accumulation observed that occurred at the interfaces due to the changing energy barrier height. [17] Since both a high dielectric dissipation and a low leakage current are requested in organic field effect transistors (OFETs) that work on low-voltage, the polarization and mobility at the electrode-hydrogel interface is the reason for the preference for low-voltage OFETs for use in biological systems. Therefore, it has been concluded that hydrogels with relatively high cross-linking ratios, especially n-HG/12, will be promising dielectric materials in new-generation electronics applications such as wearable, flexible, and low-cost sensors.…”

“…[23] Using this unique material, scientists have developed several functional ionic electronic devices, such as transistors [24] and ionic diodes. [17,25] Han et al [26] In 2009, the first presentation of a prototype combined polyelectrolyte diode and circuit of logic gates was reported. More latterly, Lee et al [17] suggested a distensible ionic diode using an adjusted poly-electrolyte hydrogel that exhibits corrective behavior under uniaxial strain and maintains its properties under repeated deformity.…”

“…[17,25] Han et al [26] In 2009, the first presentation of a prototype combined polyelectrolyte diode and circuit of logic gates was reported. More latterly, Lee et al [17] suggested a distensible ionic diode using an adjusted poly-electrolyte hydrogel that exhibits corrective behavior under uniaxial strain and maintains its properties under repeated deformity. Lim et al [27] advanced an HBID that has an open junction for ion-to-ion amplification.…”

“…[ 13 ] Due to the many attractive properties of hydrogels, such as high optical transparency, excellent biocompatibility, and high liquid permeability, varied applications of hydrogels have been investigated in the last few years. [ 14 ] In addition to their flexibility and natural tissue‐like properties, [ 15–17 ] and also the ion‐selective property of the hydrogels is another remarkable feature desired by researchers in ionic devices. This specialty of hydrogels relies on fixed charges in poly‐anionic or poly‐cationic chains and mobile counterions to achieve charge neutrality.…”