A Ring-Based Routing Scheme for Distributed Energy Resources Management in IIoT

Abstract

Recently, Distributed Energy Resources (DERs) have been utilized with increasing frequency in Industrial Internet of Things (IIoT) to deal with energy and environmental challenges. IIoT with wireless communication technology, which is easy to be intercepted, often facing various attack. For the safety of the network, more complex algorithms need to be run on IIoT, but the action need more energy. In addition, in some application scenarios, the location where the packets were generated indicates that an event occurred. An attacker can find the sensor node through a backtracking attack, which is equivalent to reaching the place where the event occurred. In order to hide the location information of the event, it is necessary to protect source location privacy (SLP), which will also increase the energy consumption of IIoT. If only the traditional battery is used to power the nodes in IIoT, the lifetime of the system will be limited. When IIoT is deployed outdoors, it is often difficult to replace the battery. The existence of lakes make IIoT have coverage holes during deployment. In order to implement SLP and make the system work for a long time in the environment with deployment holes, we use DERs. Herein, we propose an SLP protection scheme based on phantom nodes, rings, and fake paths (PRFs) for IIoT. To increase the safety time of the network, the PRFs dynamically selects the phantom nodes. To adapt to a complex deployment environment, the ring can be flexibly deployed according to the terrain. The PRFs uses fake paths to confuse attackers. We integrate DERs technology into PRFs, such as using solar power modules, looking forward to extending the lifetime of the system.The experimental results proved that the PRFs could efficiently reduce backtracking attacks while maintaining a balance between security and network energy consumption of IIoT.

Novel Approaches to Realize the Reliability of Location Privacy Protocols in Monitoring Wireless Networks

“…Numerous SLP protocols have been proposed. Many of the protocols were discussed in [11], [12], [16], [30]- [36], [42]. Some of the recently proposed SLP protocols include the two-level phantom with a pursue ring protocol [12], unified single and multi-path routing protocol [13], dynamic multipath routing protocol [17], grid-based single phantom node protocol [34], data dissemination protocol [37], and the protocol based on anonymity cloud [43].…”

“…Some of the recently proposed SLP protocols include the two-level phantom with a pursue ring protocol [12], unified single and multi-path routing protocol [13], dynamic multipath routing protocol [17], grid-based single phantom node protocol [34], data dissemination protocol [37], and the protocol based on anonymity cloud [43]. Other recently proposed SLP protocols include the cloud-based with multi-sinks protocol [14], protocol based on phantom nodes, rings, and fake paths [16], phantom walkabouts protocol [18], grid-based dual phantom node protocol [34], two-level phantom with a backbone route protocol [12], probabilistic routing protocol [44], and the circular trap protocol [45].…”

“…SLP protocols may be classified into many categories including fake packet routing, tree-based routing, intermediate node routing, phantom node routing, anglebased routing, and ring routing. Fake packet-based protocols include the path extension protocol, dummy packet injection routing, protocol based on anonymity cloud, distributed fake source with phantom node routing, protocol based on phantom nodes, rings, and fake paths, fake network traffic-based routing, data dissemination routing, dynamic fake sources-based routing, hybrid online single path routing, and the probabilistic routing protocol [8], [12], [16], [30], [43], [44].…”

“…Therefore, it is important to ensure energy-efficient communications and location privacy protection in WSNs [13], [16]- [18]. Moreover, the dynamicity of WSNs is greater as sensor nodes fail more often due to the limited battery power and harsh application environments [19].…”

“…SLP is a significant challenge in monitoring WSNs mainly because if a source location is easily exposed to the adversary, the security performance of the WSN can be seriously compromised [12], [14], [15]. To address the challenge of SLP, numerous SLP routing protocols have been proposed in the literature [11], [12], [16], [30]- [36]. In this study, we propose the relay ring routing (ReRR) protocol.…”