A revised dated phylogeny of scorpions: Phylogenomic support for ancient divergence of the temperate Gondwanan family Bothriuridae

Sharma, Prashant P.; Baker, Caitlin M.; Cosgrove, Julia G.; Johnson, Joanne E.; Oberski, Jill T.; Raven, Robert J.; Harvey, Mark S.; Boyer, Sarah L.; Giribet, Gonzalo

doi:10.1016/j.ympev.2018.01.003

Cited by 54 publications

(53 citation statements)

References 47 publications

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“…Our estimates encompassing a Late Ordovician median age for crown-group Opiliones corresponds to that estimated using tip dating by Sharma and Giribet (2014), whereas node calibration in that study recovered a Silurian median. In the case of Scorpiones, a Late Devonian to Carboniferous origin of the crown group is closely comparable to the date for the same node by Sharma et al (2018), but older than the strictly Carboniferous ages estimated by Howard et al (2019). However, in all cases mentioned the credibility intervals substantially overlap, indicating that these independent studies found results that, despite some differences, are not significantly different and corroborate each other.…”

Section: Molecular Divergence Time Estimationsupporting

confidence: 65%

A Cambrian–Ordovician Terrestrialization of Arachnids

et al. 2020

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Understanding the temporal context of terrestrialization in chelicerates depends on whether terrestrial groups, the traditional Arachnida, have a single origin and whether or not horseshoe crabs are primitively or secondarily marine. Molecular dating on a phylogenomic tree that recovers arachnid monophyly, constrained by 27 rigorously vetted fossil calibrations, estimates that Arachnida originated during the Cambrian or Ordovician. After the common ancestor colonized the land, the main lineages appear to have rapidly radiated in the Cambrian-Ordovician boundary interval, coinciding with high rates of molecular evolution. The highest rates of arachnid diversification are detected between the Permian and Early Cretaceous. A pattern of ancient divergence estimates for terrestrial arthropod groups in the Cambrian while the oldest fossils are Silurian (seen in both myriapods and arachnids) is mirrored in the molecular and fossil records of land plants. We suggest the discrepancy between molecular and fossil evidence for terrestrialization is likely driven by the extreme sparseness of terrestrial sediments in the rock record before the late Silurian.

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Section: Molecular Divergence Time Estimationsupporting

confidence: 65%

A Cambrian–Ordovician Terrestrialization of Arachnids

et al. 2020

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“…Scorpions are the oldest arachnids in the fossil record ( D u n l o p 2 0 1 0 ; D u n l o p a n d S e l d e n 2 0 1 3 ) , w i t h Dolichophonus loudonensis Laurie, 1899 from the Pentland Hills, Scotland, being dated to the Telychian Stage of the Silurian Period (438.5-433.4 Mya). D. loudonensis remains the most ancient record of both scorpions and arachnids, and is therefore a critical fossil calibration point in node-calibrated divergence time estimations (Rota-Stabelli et al 2013a; Wolfe et al 2016;Sharma et al 2018). To date, the most comprehensive attempt at dating the scorpion tree was that of Sharma et al (2018), wherein a tree inferred from a large phylogenomic dataset was dated under relaxed-clock models using five nodecalibrations based on arachnid fossils.…”

Section: Dating the Scorpion Tree Of Lifementioning

confidence: 99%

Exploring the evolution and terrestrialization of scorpions (Arachnida: Scorpiones) with rocks and clocks

et al. 2019

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Scorpions (Arachnida: Scorpiones Koch, 1837) are an ancient chelicerate arthropod lineage characterised by distinctive subdivision of the opisthosoma and venomous toxicity. The crown group is represented by over 2400 extant species, and unambiguous fossil representatives are known at least from the Cretaceous Period. However, a number of extinct scorpion lineages existed in the Palaeozoic Era, many of which are of a contentious marine (or at least semi-aquatic) lifestyle, and have long caused confusion regarding the nature of arachnid terrestrialization and arachnid phylogeny more broadly. To clarify the process of terrestrialization, there is a need to marry fossil and extant scorpions in a common evolutionary framework utilising modern advances in phylogenetics. Here, we review phylogenetic hypotheses of arachnid and scorpion interrelationships, relevant advances in phylogenetic divergence time estimation and the scorpion fossil record-especially with reference to terrestrialization. In addition, we provide a list of scorpion fossil calibrations for use in molecular dating and demonstrate their utility in deriving a novel scorpion time tree using Bayesian relaxed-clock methods. Our results reveal a window of divergence from 335 to 266 Mya for the scorpion crown group, consistent with a Pangean origin of crown scorpions inferred from the biogeographical distribution of the extant fauna.

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“…Their evolutionary histories reflect the trademark vicariance pattern [6]. Examples range from chironomid midges [7], stoneflies [8], scorpions [9], anurans [10] to plants such as Nothofagus [11], but see [12]. Only for this second category (poor dispersers), the geological record is a means to calibrate the molecular clock.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Rewinding the molecular clock in the genusCarabus(Coleoptera: Carabidae) in light of fossil evidence and the Gondwana split: a re-analyses

Opgenoorth

Hofmann

Schmidt³

2020

Preprint

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1 Abstract 11 Background Molecular clocks have become powerful tools given increasing sequencing and 12 fossil resources. However, outcome of calibration analyses depend on choosing priors. Here we 13 revisit a seminal dating study of the genus Carabus by Andujar et al. proposing that their prior 14 choices need re-evaluation with the hypothesis that reflecting fossil evidence and the 15 Gondwanan split properly rewinds the molecular clock significantly. We used the similar dataset 16 including five mitochondrial and four nuclear DNA fragments with 7888 nt total length. We set 17 the root age based on the fossil evidence of Harpalinae ground beetles in the Upper Cretaceous 18 and introduce the Paleogene divergence of the outgroup taxa Ceroglossus (endemic to South-19 America) and Pamborus + Maoripamborus (Australia, New Zealand) as a new prior based on 20 current paleontological and geological literature. 21 Results The ultrametric time-calibrated tree of the extended nd5 dataset resulted in a median 22 TMRCA Carabus age of 59.72 Ma (HPD95% 49.92-70.38), roughly 35 Ma older than in the 23 Andujar study. The splits between C. rugosus and C. morbillosus (A), between C. riffensis from 24 the European Mesocarabus (B), and between Eurycarabus and Nesaeocarabus (C) were dated 25 to 19.19 (13.16-25.64), 25.95 (18.68-33.97), and 23.99 (17.75-31.67) Ma and were thus 26 decidedly older than previously reported (7.48, 10.93, and 9.51 Ma). Constraining the Carabidae 27 time tree root with the Burmese Oodini amber fossil at ~99 Ma resulted in the largest increase, 28 while including the Canary Hotspot and Gondwana split calibrations stabilized the overall dating, 29 mediating between the root and remaining calibration points. Utilizing our clades A-C results, 30 TMRCA of Carabus was dated to 53.56 (41.25-67.05) Ma in the complete MIT-NUC data set 31 compared to 25.16 (18.41-33.04). 32 Conclusion Taking into account the Gondwanan split as a new prior, together with the fossil 33 evidence of the outgroup taxon Harpalini in the Late Cretaceous, our new approach supports an 34 origin of the genus Carabus in the Paleocene-Early Eocene. Our results are preliminary due to 35the heavy reliance on the nd5 gene and thus will have to be tested with sufficient set of nuclear 36markers. Such subsequent analyses will likely extend the dating even further back in time. 37

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A revised dated phylogeny of scorpions: Phylogenomic support for ancient divergence of the temperate Gondwanan family Bothriuridae

Cited by 54 publications

References 47 publications

A Cambrian–Ordovician Terrestrialization of Arachnids

A Cambrian–Ordovician Terrestrialization of Arachnids

Exploring the evolution and terrestrialization of scorpions (Arachnida: Scorpiones) with rocks and clocks

Rewinding the molecular clock in the genusCarabus(Coleoptera: Carabidae) in light of fossil evidence and the Gondwana split: a re-analyses

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