A revised crustal stress orientation database for Canada

Reiter, Karsten; Heidbach, Oliver; Schmitt, Douglas R.; Haug, Kristine; Ziegler, Moritz; Moeck, Inga

doi:10.1016/j.tecto.2014.08.006

Cited by 68 publications

(69 citation statements)

References 109 publications

(201 reference statements)

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“…11). This observed orientation is perpendicular to the Rocky Mountain trench, which was confirmed by Adams and Bell (1991), Bell and Gough (1981), Bell et al (1994), Fordjor et al (1983) and recently by Reiter et al (2014). Orientation data are derived from a large variety of rock types, depths, and different indicators.…”

Section: Contemporary Stress Field In the Alberta Basinsupporting

confidence: 58%

“…Only an anticlockwise rotation of about 10-20 • is observed in northern Alberta over the Peace River Arch. The same homogeneous stress orientation is observed over wide areas of the North American plate (Bell and Gough, 1979;Adams and Bell, 1991;Fordjor et al, 1983;Gough et al, 1983;Reiter et al, 2014;Sbar and Sykes, 1973;Zoback and Zoback, 1980), which indicates that southwestto-northeast stress orientation is present over the whole lithosphere rather than sediments only . This implies also that the sediments are attached to the basement (Bell, 1996b).…”

Section: Contemporary Stress Field In the Alberta Basinsupporting

confidence: 56%

“…The compilation of stress data in North America by Adams (1987, Adams and Bell (1991), Bell et al (1994), Fordjor et al (1983), Gough et al (1983), Sbar and Sykes (1973), Zoback and Zoback (1980, 1981 and recently by Reiter et al (2014) resolved that the pattern of S Hmax orientations is largely uniform over thousands of kilometres. An assumption was that the same forces driving plate tectonics are the major control on the stress field, which is confirmed in first order (e.g.…”

Section: Model Assumptionsmentioning

confidence: 96%

“…2), the orientation of S Hmax (e.g. Bell et al, 1994;Reiter et al, 2014, see rose diagram in Fig. 4), the wedge shape of the Alberta Basin (Fig.…”

Section: Model Geometrymentioning

confidence: 98%

“…In summary, there are 321 S Hmax azimuth data available within the modelled region. Data are from the latest update of the Canadian stress map (Reiter et al, 2014). direction, which is related to the depth of present and past burial.…”

Section: Contemporary Stress Field In the Alberta Basinmentioning

confidence: 99%

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3-D geomechanical–numerical model of the contemporary crustal stress state in the Alberta Basin (Canada)

Reiter

Heidbach

2014

Solid Earth

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Abstract. In the context of examining the potential usage of safe and sustainable geothermal energy in the Alberta Basin, whether in deep sediments or crystalline rock, the understanding of the in situ stress state is crucial. It is a key challenge to estimate the 3-D stress state at an arbitrarily chosen point in the crust, based on sparsely distributed in situ stress data.To address this challenge, we present a large-scale 3-D geomechanical-numerical model (700 km×1200 km×80 km) from a large portion of the Alberta Basin, to provide a 3-D continuous quantification of the contemporary stress orientations and stress magnitudes. To calibrate the model, we use a large database of in situ stress orientation (321 S Hmax ) as well as stress magnitude data (981 S V , 1720 S hmin and 2 (+11) S Hmax ) from the Alberta Basin. To find the best-fit model, we vary the material properties and primarily the displacement boundary conditions of the model. This study focusses in detail on the statistical calibration procedure, because of the large amount of available data, the diversity of data types, and the importance of the order of data tests.The best-fit model provides the total 3-D stress tensor for nearly the whole Alberta Basin, and allows estimation of stress orientation and stress magnitudes in advance of any well. First-order implications for the well design and configuration of enhanced geothermal systems are revealed. Systematic deviations of the modelled stress from the in situ data are found for stress orientations in the Peace River and the Bow Island Arch as well as for leak-off test magnitudes.

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Section: Contemporary Stress Field In the Alberta Basinsupporting

confidence: 58%

Section: Contemporary Stress Field In the Alberta Basinsupporting

confidence: 56%

Section: Model Assumptionsmentioning

confidence: 96%

“…2), the orientation of S Hmax (e.g. Bell et al, 1994;Reiter et al, 2014, see rose diagram in Fig. 4), the wedge shape of the Alberta Basin (Fig.…”

Section: Model Geometrymentioning

confidence: 98%

Section: Contemporary Stress Field In the Alberta Basinmentioning

confidence: 99%

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3-D geomechanical–numerical model of the contemporary crustal stress state in the Alberta Basin (Canada)

Reiter

Heidbach

2014

Solid Earth

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Hydraulic fracturing and the Crooked Lake Sequences: Insights gleaned from regional seismic networks

Schultz¹,

Stern²,

Novakovic

et al. 2015

Geophysical Research Letters

110

126

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Within central Alberta, Canada, a new sequence of earthquakes has been recognized as of 1 December 2013 in a region of previous seismic quiescence near Crooked Lake, ~30 km west of the town of Fox Creek. We utilize a cross‐correlation detection algorithm to detect more than 160 events to the end of 2014, which is temporally distinguished into five subsequences. This observation is corroborated by the uniqueness of waveforms clustered by subsequence. The Crooked Lake Sequences have come under scrutiny due to its strong temporal correlation (>99.99%) to the timing of hydraulic fracturing operations in the Duvernay Formation. We assert that individual subsequences are related to fracturing stimulation and, despite adverse initial station geometry, double‐difference techniques allow us to spatially relate each cluster back to a unique horizontal well. Overall, we find that seismicity in the Crooked Lake Sequences is consistent with first‐order observations of hydraulic fracturing induced seismicity.

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Source analysis of a potential hydraulic‐fracturing‐induced earthquake near Fox Creek, Alberta

Wang

Schultz³

et al. 2016

Geophysical Research Letters

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An earthquake with a reported magnitude of 4.4 (ML) was detected on 13 June 2015 in western central Alberta, Canada. This event was the third felt earthquake this year near Fox Creek, a shale gas exploration region. Our results from full moment tensor inversions of regional broadband data show a strong strike‐slip mechanism with near‐vertical fault plane solutions. The decomposition of the moment tensor solution is overwhelmingly double couple, while only a modest (∼20%) contribution is attributed to compensated‐linear‐vector‐dipole. The depth of this earthquake is 3–4 km, near the base of the sedimentary layer, and the moment magnitude (M = 3.9) of this event is considerably smaller than the initial reported ML value. The hypocenter location, depth, and mechanism are favorable to a possible association between this earthquake and hydraulic fracturing operations within the Duvernay shale.

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A revised crustal stress orientation database for Canada

Cited by 68 publications

References 109 publications

3-D geomechanical–numerical model of the contemporary crustal stress state in the Alberta Basin (Canada)

3-D geomechanical–numerical model of the contemporary crustal stress state in the Alberta Basin (Canada)

Hydraulic fracturing and the Crooked Lake Sequences: Insights gleaned from regional seismic networks

Source analysis of a potential hydraulic‐fracturing‐induced earthquake near Fox Creek, Alberta

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