A review study of instantaneous electric energy transport theories and their novel implementations

Algorithms that transfer between different energy metering methods for simplification of energy trading and unified billing

“…Chapter 4 of that book facilitates the access to these standards. There are also three papers [17] , [19] , [20] reviewing the issue and coherent to the standards. Ref.…”

“…The first clause's sentence states that. For vector power definitions, the reader is referred to paper [19] . Left: the blue “active power” phase components exactly follow the energy vector active power definition: may be regarded that vector active energy is following the standard.…”

Application of Enhanced CPC for Load Identification, Preventive Maintenance and Grid Interpretation

“…Over the years CPC was compared to instantaneous theories such as PQT, and to vector pointing theory and found advantageous. An in-depth review and survey of electric power transport theories is found for example for instantaneous theories [21] and for periodic averaged theories in [22]. Theory was developed and demonstrated a comprehension of measured results for single and three wire systems.…”

Theorems of compensation and Tellegen in non‐sinusoidal circuits via geometric algebra

“…Although many power theories have been proposed regarding the non‐sinusoidal operation, an adequate solution is yet to be found. Baggini [14] provides a sample of power theories while [15] provides a good review study of the p–q theory and its derivatives. On the other hand, the CT states that ‘any element in the linear, bilateral network may be replaced by a voltage source of magnitude equal to the current passing through the element multiplied by the value of the element’ [16].…”