A review paper on the hazardous effect of plastic debris on marine biodiversity with some possible remedies

Abstract

The consequences of plastic debris in the marine environment were reviewed, and possible solutions were presented. The extent of marine plastic debris-related problems surpasses many other marine problems, as plastics may be transported globally and no unaffected areas seem to exist. Many animal species are in risk, most commonly studied are the effects on marine mammals and seabirds. Marine plastic debris creates new concerns such as entanglement, ghost fishing, and impaction of digestive tracts in animals. It also increases the severity of already existing concerns such as transport, exposure and uptake of organic pollution, with reduced fitness and impaired reproduction and increased mortality rates as consequences. To alleviate the problems, reducing the extent of marine plastic pollution is critical. Possible methods were identified as collecting and incentivizing recycling of marine plastic debris; redirecting production from petroleum plastics to biodegradable varieties; increase public awareness to reduce marine littering; stricter enforcement of current legislation as well as implementation of stricter legislation and harsher penalties for breaking it.Asian J. Med. Biol. Res. September 2018, 4(3): 233-241

Systematic Review of Plastic Waste as Eco-Friendly Aggregate for Sustainable Construction

“…Though, plastic wastes are non-degradable, they also can be used as raw materials for recovering energy (Vidales- Barriguete et al, 2020). High temperatures and ultraviolet radiation are used for breaking the polymeric structure and converting it first into smaller pieces and finally into microscopic granules which are mixed with other materials to form a novel and more durable product (Hasnat & Rahman, 2018).…”

“…Furthermore, our fast-paced living have led to the massive utilisation and application of plastic packaging. The plastic packaging is very useful in day-to-day activities due to their lower production costs and highperformance features (Hasnat & Rahman, 2018;Liliani et al, 2020). The plastic material is produced using the principles of polymer chemistry and cannot be naturally decomposed if buried with the other waste (Wahid., 2015).…”

Assessing microplastic dispersion from Saigon urban canals via Can Gio Mangrove Reserve to East Sea in Vietnam by Raman scattering microscopy

“…Microplastics in Ganh Rai (ES3) are predicted to come from terrestrial and sea-based sources. The later source is supposed to maritime transport (Sheavly et al 2015, Hasnat andRahman 2018), because the sampling sites are around the intersection of cargo ships, vessels carrying imported-exported fuels and gases. However, it is still well understood which is the main reason for the presence of plastic debris in this area.…”

Aquatic Plastics Waste Biodegradation Using Plastic Degrading Microbes

“…They will be transported to other places along with the movement of the plastic waste. They become invasive species in those new places that threaten the existence of native species (Derraik, 2002; Hasnat et al, 2018). The accumulation of plastic waste in the aquatic environment encourages the pollution of other dangerous pollutants.…”