A Review paper on Friction Stir Welding (FSW)

Abstract

Friction Stir Welding (FSW) is a new solid-state welding technique which finds application in various industries. It involves the joining of metals without any help of fusion or filler material. The joint between two metals can be formed through the combined action of frictional heating and mechanical deformation which is developed due to a rotating tool. The material that flows around the tool undergoes an extreme level of plastic deformation. Rotation generates enough friction and the friction generates sufficient heat to plastify the material. FSW is handy for welding aluminum alloys. However, interest is growing in utilizing the process in a wider range of applications that also employ non aero engine metallic materials. Therefore, it is the objective of this to provide a broad view of the capabilities of the FSW process for joining metals. This review article covers various work performed on friction stir welding, and the basics of the process and the fundamental aspects of operating an FSW. This includes a description of the different parameters that have been involved in this process. And also studied the material flow, forces, and other output responses, including defects, and strain rates that is produced.