A Review on Wire Arc Additive Manufacturing (WAAM) Fabricated Components of Ti6AL4V and Steels

Kumar, Praveen; Raju, L. Suvarna; Krishna, L. Siva Rama

doi:10.1007/978-3-030-24314-2_70

Cited by 4 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…Due to the capability to achieve high complexity, PBFP can be used to produce parts with lattice structures and intricate features (Bandyopadhyay et al, 2020). On the other hand, WAAM can be used to produce larger parts with medium complexity (Satish Kumar et al, 2020).…”

Section: Geometric Complexitymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This includes the mechanical properties, surface properties, and fatigue properties (Ngo et al, 2018). PBF LMD, and WAAM processes are cable of manufacturing parts with mechanical properties that are comparable to those produced conventionally (Kumar et al, 2020;Schmidt et al, 2017;Zhong & Liu, 2010). PBFP yields more dimensional accuracy, when compared to WAAM and LMD processes.…”

Section: Qualitymentioning

confidence: 99%

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A Framework for Additive Manufacturing Technology Selection

Muvunzi

Mpofu

Khodja

et al. 2022

International Journal of Manufacturing, Materials, and Mechanical Engineering

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Additive manufacturing is a popular emerging technology of producing parts directly from digital models. This technology has presented benefits such as freedom of design, the ability to customise, and shortened process chains. Presently, there are different Additive Manufacturing (AM) processes that are available in the market. Often, transport equipment manufacturing companies are faced with challenges while selecting the AM processes that are suited to their needs. Decision-makers need to consider all the underlining factors before a conclusion is reached. This paper proposes an approach that can be used by companies in the rail sector to select AM technologies that are suited to their applications. The approach involves identifying suitable parts, comparing applicable AM technologies and selecting the most suitable technology. The next stage involves re-designing the parts based on the selected technology. The approach is applied to benchmark parts from the industry. The study provides enlightenment on how AM can be applied in the rail industry.

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Section: Geometric Complexitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Qualitymentioning

confidence: 99%

A Framework for Additive Manufacturing Technology Selection

Muvunzi

Mpofu

Khodja

et al. 2022

International Journal of Manufacturing, Materials, and Mechanical Engineering

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“…Alternatively, for larger structural components, direct energy deposition technologies like wire and arc additive manufacturing (WAAM) of titanium alloys are currently under intensive investigations, especially for aerospace applications. [ 4,5 ] In Figure , the AM methods mentioned earlier are compared with more cost‐efficient alternatives, [ 6 ] that make use of polymeric binders during shaping and require postprocessing for binder removal and sintering densification of fabricated metal structures. Binder jetting (BJT) with metal powders (MBJT) has been proven successful for functional titanium parts, and commercially available systems enable the fabrication of components over a wide dimensional range.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…SLM: selective laser melting, EBM: electron beam melting, WAAM: wire and arc additive manufacturing, MBJT: metal binder jetting, and MF 3 : metal fused filament fabrication. [ 5–7 ]…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fused Filament Fabrication‐Based Additive Manufacturing of Commercially Pure Titanium

et al. 2021

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Fabrication of titanium components is very cost intensive, partly due to the complex machining and limited recyclability of waste material. For electrochemical applications, the excellent corrosion resistance of pure titanium is of high importance, whereas medium mechanical strength of fabricated parts is sufficient for such a use case. For smaller parts, metal fused filament fabrication (MF3) enables the fabrication of complex metallic structures densified during a final sintering step. Pure titanium can be processed to near‐net‐shape geometries for electrochemical applications if the parameters and the atmosphere during sintering are carefully monitored. Herein, the influence of thermal debinding and sintering parameters on the fabrication of high‐density pure titanium using MF3 is investigated. Particular focus is placed on enhancing sintered density while limiting impurity uptake to conserve the high chemical purity of the initial powder material. Relative densities of 95% are repeatedly reached inside the bulk of the samples. An oxygen content of 0.56 wt% as a result of vacuum processing induces the formation of the retained α‐Ti phase (925 HV0.2) inside the α matrix (295 HV0.2). Fabricated parts exhibit high mechanical strength, albeit reduced elongation due to remaining pores, and, in terms of electrochemistry, enhanced stability toward anodic dissolution.

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