A review on water security and management under climate change conditions, Windhoek, Namibia

Mapani, Benjamin; Shikangalah, Rosemary; Mwetulundila, Asteria Lea

doi:10.1016/j.jafrearsci.2022.104749

Cited by 6 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…Water scarcity affects 1 to 2 billion people worldwide, and most of them live in arid regions (Stringer, Mirzabaev, Benjaminsen, Harris, Jafari, Lissner, & Tirado-von Der Pahlen. 2021) In other similar studies, impacts of climate change on water have been well clarified (Estrela, Pérez-Martin, & Vargas, 2012;Biswas, Sharma, & Gyasi-Agyei, 2022;Mapani, Shikangalah, & Mwetulundila, 2023;Omotoso, Letsoalo, Olagunju, Tshwene, & Omotayo, 2023), and their findings show that, especially the areas that are currently facing water shortages will face severe water crises as a result of climate change in upcoming decades. Darwin (1995) has raised the possibility that agriculture will be affected due to global warming and changes in the rainfall pattern during the next century.…”

Section: Literature Reviewmentioning

confidence: 86%

Climate Change and Water Crisis in Afghanistan

2024

aijssr

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Though the negative impacts of climate change on water resources have become a severe social, economic, and environmental problem worldwide, especially in the arid regions of the earth, including Afghanistan, an inclusive and or conclusive review of diverse studies regarding the climate change and root causes of the water crisis in Afghanistan have not been carried out yet. This study analyses the negative impacts of climate change on water including the fundamental causes of the water crisis in Afghanistan, using analytical and descriptive approaches to review the related literature. The findings of this study show that although there is a strong relationship between climate change and water shortages, it can be a secondary factor in the case of Afghanistan. This is because the available surface water in Afghanistan is estimated to be about 50 percent higher than the country's water needs. In addition, the main factors involved in Afghanistan's water crisis are discussed in this study; factors that have not only caused the flow of about 67% of Afghanistan's surface waters to neighboring countries but also caused the wastage of about 40% of its surface water during irrigation. In addition, limitations and recommendations for further studies are also presented. The result of this study would create a clear insight for researchers and policymakers to regulate and manage the ever-increasing water crisis conditions sustainably in Afghanistan and similar contexts.

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Section: Literature Reviewmentioning

confidence: 86%

Climate Change and Water Crisis in Afghanistan

2024

aijssr

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“…Sections 56-63 of the Namibia 2013 Water Resources Management Act give detailed provisions on groundwater control and protection addressing areas such as drilling and borehole construction, licensing of boreholes, record keeping, groundwater wastage, and protection of aquifers (GoN, 2013). Nonetheless, the Act has not been given full effect, and it is unclear when all regulations contained in the Act will be promulgated (Mapani et al, 2023;Remmert, 2016).…”

Section: National Level Groundwater Governancementioning

confidence: 99%

Polycentric Groundwater Governance: Insights from the Kavango-Zambezi Transfrontier Conservation Area

Mukuyu,

Nyambe,

Magombeyi

et al. 2024

Int J Commons

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This paper analyses groundwater governance within a transfrontier conservation landscape. Given the current heightened interest in groundwater development, it is imperative that more thought be given to how groundwater resources can best be managed in different contexts for multiple uses and users. Transfrontier conservation areas are areas of vast biological diversity whose functioning and ecosystem integrity depends on the availability of water to sustain ecosystems and subsequently derive economic benefit. Further, climate vulnerable rural communities depend on and form an important part of this landscape. The work highlighted in this paper is based on a study conducted in parts of the Kavango-Zambezi Transfrontier Conservation Area (TFCA), the largest TFCA in the world. Climate induced challenges such as droughts and general poor land use planning have resulted in threats to long term sustainability of freshwater ecosystems and increased incidences of human-wildlife conflicts over limited water resources. Effective groundwater governance can potentially provide pathways for alleviating these challenges. Building on the theoretical fundamentals of polycentric governance, this paper analyses the case of the KAZA TFCA in which multiple levels of governance exist. The paper discusses how to achieve coordination and accountability within a shared landscape to foster sustainable use and management of groundwater. Groundwater within a TFCA context has the potential to alleviate human-wildlife conflict over freshwater, support groundwater dependant ecosystems and sustain smallholder agriculture for the rural communities. Understanding this role of groundwater adds to the framing of freshwater governance and conservation efforts within a TFCA and the identification and development of platforms for the integrated management of groundwater. Bringing together freshwater and conservation institutions in a multi-country context towards integrated water resource management is an initial and novel attempt which forms the foundation for achieving optimal governance approaches in the commons.

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“…133 While the area is known for its low rainfall, an increase in intense rainfall events has been noted to cause flash floods, which affect the developmental activities of the city. 134 The aforementioned challenges detrimentally affect the large impoverished portion of the city's population, and further exacerbate living conditions in its various informal settlements where access to water and sanitation is already limited. 135 The Municipality of Swakopmund, being a coastal city, is also quite vulnerable to the effects of climate change such as sea-level rise and coastal erosion.…”

Section: Namibia: City Of Windhoek and Municipality Of Swakopmundmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…132 This, coupled with the city's precipitous population growth (currently estimated at well over 400,000 and expected to double over the next 20 years) and rapid urbanization, places its strained water supply, said to be at its upper limit in 2020, at further risk. 133 While the area is known for its low rainfall, an increase in intense rainfall events has been noted to cause flash floods, which affect the developmental activities of the city. 134 The aforementioned challenges detrimentally affect the large impoverished portion of the city's population, and further exacerbate living conditions in its various informal settlements where access to water and sanitation is already limited.…”

Section: Namibia: City Of Windhoek and Municipality Of Swakopmundmentioning

confidence: 99%

City-Level Law and Action for Climate-Resilient Development in Southern Africa

du Plessis,

Steyn,

Rantlo

2023

TEL

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This article studies eight cities in four countries in the southern African region (Namibia, Zimbabwe, South Africa, and Botswana) to explore whether and how local governing authority has been channelled towards local climate-resilient development. The authors undertook a desk-based identification and review of available primary and secondary legal sources and normative documents while also drawing on scientific papers and policy documents for statistics and information about urbanization, climate change, politics, and governance in the selected countries. The analysis is interested in the law but is not strictly of a legal nature in the sense that the authors did not aim for a critical analysis of the regulatory detail in the relevant legal instruments. Instead, the article provides an evaluation of the political, de facto choices made by selected local governments as to how and to what extent to utilize their governing authority (legislative and executive) towards climate-resilient development. The authors explore if and how local government powers in the four southern African countries are currently leveraged for local climate action, and comment on the possible reasons for the status quo by comparing the four jurisdictions.

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A review on water security and management under climate change conditions, Windhoek, Namibia

Cited by 6 publications

References 13 publications

Climate Change and Water Crisis in Afghanistan

Climate Change and Water Crisis in Afghanistan

Polycentric Groundwater Governance: Insights from the Kavango-Zambezi Transfrontier Conservation Area

City-Level Law and Action for Climate-Resilient Development in Southern Africa

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