A review on TiO₂-based composites for superior photocatalytic activity

Abstract

Heterogeneous photocatalysts was a promising material for removing organic pollutants. Titanium dioxide (TiO2) was a suitable photocatalyst for its cost efficiency and high stability to reduce various pollutants. Enhancing TiO2 photocatalyst performance by doping with changed metals or non-metal ions and organic compounds have been reviewed. These methods could enhance photoelectrochemical activity via: (i) by a donor of electrons via electron-donor agents that would produce particular defects in TiO2 structure and capture transporters of charge; (ii) by reducing recombination rate of the charge transporters and increasing degradation of pollutants. This study investigates the modification approaches of TiO2 that comprise methods for overcoming the essential TiO2 restrictions and enhancing the photocatalytic degradation of organic pollutants. Consequently, it emphasized on the current progress of modified-TiO2 used for different pollutants in ambient conditions. Amendment techniques, such as inorganic and organic parts as doping, are studied. The reported experimental results obtained with the photocatalytic oxidation process for degrading organic pollutants were also collected and assessed.

Metal Oxide-Based Photocatalytic Paper: A Green Alternative for Environmental Remediation

“…Surface modification, fabrication of composites or heterojunctions with other metal oxides or other materials such as graphene have also been reported to expand TiO 2 photocatalytic activity under solar radiation [69,[143][144][145][146][147]. Lately, several reviews describing the TiO 2 band gap reduction to the visible region and further photocatalytic activity under visible/solar radiation have been conducted, demonstrating the use of different materials and several methods that were investigated [143,[147][148][149][150].…”

TiO2 nanocrystal rods on titanium microwires: growth, vacuum annealing, and photoelectrochemical oxygen evolution

“…1,2 Within the photocatalysis field, titania in the form of anatase or rutile has been used as a photocatalyst for water splitting, 3 carbon dioxide reduction, 4,5 and for pollutant degradation. 6 Titania exhibits a relatively large bandgap of typically E g ≈ 3.2 to 3.3 eV 7 which limits the efficiency for a wider range of applications in solar photoelectrochemical (PEC) or in photocatalysis (PC) devices. Nanostructured, high surface area TiO 2 can provide significantly higher performance compared to its less porous analogues.…”

Synthesis, Characterization, and Photocatalytic Activity of Ba-Doped BiFeO3 Thin Films

“…To date, several semiconductors can act as photocatalysts: TiO 2 , ZnO, Fe 2 O 3 , CdS, ZnS) [2][3][4][5][6]. TiO 2 is the most studied photocatalysts [2,7,8], but the wide band gap (3.2 eV) [8] provides low efficiency of absorption in the visible-light region. This problem leads to the searching for new oxide-based photocatalysts with strong absorbance for visible-light applications.…”