A review on three-dimensional stitched composites and their research perspectives

Song, Chenyang; Fan, Wei; Liu, Tao; Wang, Shujuan; Song, Wen Long; Gao, Xingzhong

doi:10.1016/j.compositesa.2021.106730

Cited by 32 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 100 publications

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“…The standard lock-stitch used in stitched composites leads to the formation of stitch holes within the preform, resulting in the bending of stitching yarns, wear between stitching yarns, and most importantly, stress concentration. 7 The stitching yarn type is a critical parameter that influence the performance of stitched composites. Carbon and Kevlar ® fibers are commonly used as stitching yarns in composite structures.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…6 In 3D stitching technology, various stitching methods have been developed to meet specific requirements due to the complexity of the structures employed. 7 The in-plane and out-of-plane properties of composites are typically influenced by factors such as the stitching yarn type, the number of stitch directions employed, and the stitch density. 8,9 Therefore, parameters such as stitching technology, stitching pattern, stitching yarn type, and stitching density should be determined in accordance with the expected requirements of the application.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Self-healing potential of stitched glass/polypropylene/epoxy hybrid composites with various fibers

Kaya,

Selver

2024

Journal of Composite Materials

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This study compares the impact damage response and self-healing potential of unstitched and stitched glass/polypropylene (PP) fiber reinforced thermoset composite structures. The novelty of this study is weaving preforms with an intra-ply hybridization of glass and thermoplastic PP fibers and stitching these preforms with a unique stitching pattern by considering the effect of stitching fiber types (PP, Kevlar®, Dyneema®, carbon and silk) on impact damage response and self-healing potential of composites. The mechanical properties of the stitching fiber influenced the composite’s behavior against impact and compressive loads. The unstitched composite deflected more than stitched composites under the same impact energy levels due to delaying of delamination via stitching process. The stitching process reduced the damage areas of composites subjected to 30 J and 60 J impact energies by 57 and 86%, respectively. Structural healing significantly decreased the damaged areas of both unstitched and stitched composite structures up to 87%, while it was more effective on stitched composites. The polypropylene melted and accumulated along the path of the stitch pattern, regardless of whether the stitching fiber was thermoplastic. Due to the reduced impacted area, compression after impact (CAI) strength retention of the stitched composite materials increased by up to 94%.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Self-healing potential of stitched glass/polypropylene/epoxy hybrid composites with various fibers

Kaya,

Selver

2024

Journal of Composite Materials

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“…1,2 To limit delamination of composites due to impact or through thickness solicitations, stitching of the reinforcement layers or Z-pinning have been proposed and provide good results, but the stitches and Z-pins provide discreet reinforcement, can damage the fibres, and may result in reduced in-plane properties. 3,4 Introducing nano constituents within the resin or at the inter-layer has the opportunity to provide a more continuous through thickness reinforcement. In the literature, throughthickness incorporation of nano-constituents into composite layers, such as carbon nanotubes, [5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12] graphene, [13][14][15][16][17][18] nanosilica, [19][20][21][22][23] has been suggested to improve mechanical properties.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Composite laminates reinforced by vertically aligned carbon nanotubes: Detailed manufacturing process, from nanotubes transfer to composite consolidation

Le,

Govignon,

Rivallant

et al. 2023

Journal of Composite Materials

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Nano-constituent incorporation into composites has been extensively studied in the literature due to its improvement in static and dynamic mechanical properties, as well as its prevention from interlaminar crack initiation and propagation. This work introduces a detailed manufacturing process of nano-engineered composite laminates, from impregnation to consolidation, without damaging the initial morphology of carbon nanotubes transferred on prepreg interfaces. Based on prepreg and vertically aligned carbon nanotubes (VACNTs) synthesized on an aluminium alloy (Al) substrate, the impregnation step allows for the transfer of VACNTs onto the prepreg surface through partial resin-rising capillarity. The Al alloy substrate is then removed from the VACNTs through a separation step, ensuring highly effective and repeatable transfer with more than 80% VACNTs transferred onto the prepreg surface. This paper provides insight into the impregnation and transfer processes and guides the choice of process parameters to ensure minimal VACNTs buckling during the consolidation of the hybrid composites at high pressure in an autoclave.

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“…Carbon-fiber reinforced polymer composites (CFRC) are increasingly used in various industries thanks to its competitive qualities including high strength, minimal maintenance, and light weight [1][2]. The utilization of CFRC is driven significantly by reducing of fuel consumption and related cost because of weight saving.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Advanced Hybrid Joining for Needle-punched rCF Composite-Metal Structures via Compression Moulding Process

Chen¹,

Wen²,

An³

et al. 2022

Asian Society for Precision Engineering and Nanotechnology (ASPEN 2022)

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A review on three-dimensional stitched composites and their research perspectives

Cited by 32 publications

References 100 publications

Self-healing potential of stitched glass/polypropylene/epoxy hybrid composites with various fibers

Self-healing potential of stitched glass/polypropylene/epoxy hybrid composites with various fibers

Composite laminates reinforced by vertically aligned carbon nanotubes: Detailed manufacturing process, from nanotubes transfer to composite consolidation

Advanced Hybrid Joining for Needle-punched rCF Composite-Metal Structures via Compression Moulding Process

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