A review on thermal and electrical behaviours of liquid metal-based polymer composites

Abstract

Liquid metals (LM) have attracted tremendous attention in the last decade, especially in the fabrication of LM-based polymer composites (LMPCs), due to the unique combination of their metallic and fluidic...

Shear-Induced Fabrication of Cellulose Nanofibril/Liquid Metal Nanocomposite Films for Flexible Electromagnetic Interference Shielding and Thermal Management

“…In contrast, room-temperature liquid metals (LMs, e.g., a gallium and indium eutectic, also called EGaIn), serve as liquid conductive fillers and have received enormous attention due to their room-temperature fluidity, metallic conductivity, low toxicity, extreme deformability, and easy processability. − Nowadays, scholars have attempted to design LM composites with excellent conductivity for EMI shielding, including using decomposition agents (alkali bicarbonate) for LM foaming, coating LMs on the substrate, and introducing LMs into elastomers to fabricate porous and anisotropic composites. − It is worth noting that LM networks have also been proven to exhibit desired thermal behaviors and served as thermal/conductive pathways in composites . Because the temperature rise of electronic systems can lead to a decrease in EMI shielding efficiency during electronic device operation, high thermal conductivity is a significant advantage for advanced electromagnetic shielding materials, whereas the large cohesive energy inside LMs makes it difficult to disperse into smaller droplets .…”

Estimated electric conductivities of thermal plasma for air-fuel combustion and oxy-fuel combustion with potassium or cesium seeding

“…Cesium has the lowest ionization energy among all chemical elements in the periodic table. Francium has the second smallest ionization energy, but it is extremely rare in nature, being the second-rarest natural element after the radioactive element astatine (At) [ 78 ], and it is also radioactive and very unstable [ [79] , [80] , [81] ]. Rubidium (Rb) has the third smallest ionization energy, and potassium has the fourth smallest ionization energy.…”