A Review on the Tribological Performances of High‐Entropy Alloys

Abstract

Wear is an important form of material loss and failure, and it is usually inevitable in almost all mechanical systems with moving parts. The durability and reliability of engineering components are closely related to their wear resistance. Developing advanced materials to alleviate energy and materials losses in moving mechanical systems still remains a great challenge nowadays. The emergence of novel high‐entropy alloys (HEAs) that compose of multiple principal elements holds great promise for the development of materials with extraordinary wear resistance, due to their high hardness, high wear resistance, and excellent corrosion resistance. Herein, the current research progress of the tribology of HEAs under different conditions is reviewed, including high temperature, dry condition, corrosion solution, and oil lubrication. Specifically, the effects of compositions, microstructures, lubricants, and protective oxide layers on the tribological performance of HEAs are summarized. Furthermore, the underlying mechanisms that are responsible for the excellent wear resistance of HEAs under different conditions are discussed. Finally, the current challenges and the future outlooks are emphasized and addressed systematically. In view of the excellent tribological performances and the diversity of compositional design, HEAs have great potential to be applied in a wide range of mechanical systems to minimize wear.

High-entropy alloys in electrocatalysis: from fundamentals to applications

“…This is primarily attributed to their inherently complex nature and the intricate reaction mechanisms associated with This journal is © The Royal Society of Chemistry 2023 electrocatalytic processes. 62,63 Despite significant research efforts, HEA-based catalysts are still in the early stages, with limited reviews summarizing recent progress. For instance, Xin et al described different preparation techniques and catalytic reactions involving HEAs and highlighted the challenges associated with their design as catalyst materials.…”

A review on wear, corrosion, and wear-corrosion synergy of high entropy alloys

“…It is considered as a silent killer of equipment and infrastructures, as its initiation and propagation are beyond the scope of normal visual inspection [ 2 , 3 ]. Wear is responsible for approximately 80% of mechanical moving systems failures [ 4 ]; it is defined as the damage of a solid surface caused by the removal or displacement of material, due to the mechanical action of a surface in moving contact. The combined action of wear and corrosion can generate much higher total material losses than the cumulative effects of each process alone [ 5 , 6 ].…”

Influence of Nanoparticles in Lubricant on Sliding Contact of Atomic Rough Surfaces—A Molecular Dynamics Study

“…In order to overcome the relatively poor tribological performance of conventional materials in mechanical contact systems, one strategy is to design and develop novel structures or new materials with superior friction and wear properties. These novel structures and materials include the widely reported gradient structures [2,3], nanostructures or nano-grained structures [4][5][6], hieratical or heterogeneous structures [7,8], and the recently proposed medium entropy alloys (MEAs) [9][10][11], high entropy alloys (HEAs) [12][13][14], high entropy ceramics (HECs) [15], and so on. In addition to improved mechanical properties, these novel structures and materials have been reported to possess excellent wear resistances under a wide range of environmental conditions.…”