A review on the temperature and moisture degradation of adhesive joints

Viana, G.; Costa, M.; Banea, M. D.; Silva, Lucas F. M. da

doi:10.1177/1464420716671503

Cited by 84 publications

(77 citation statements)

References 83 publications

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“…Adhesive bonding method is already a well matured and developed process and was reviewed by many authors [18][19][20][21][22]. Many researchers [23][24][25][26][27][28][29][30] studied the performance of adhesively bonded joints under the influence of different geometry and material parameters. Adhesive bonded repair in composite components are well established and developed in the aeronautical industry [31][32][33].…”

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confidence: 99%

Bonded repair of composite structures in aerospace application: a review on environmental issues

2018

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IntroductionOutstanding properties of fiber reinforced polymer composite materials, lead to a wide application in all the sectors such as aerospace, automotive, marine, sports industries and even in the civil infrastructures, etc. Since the last decades, an enormous use of composite materials in the aerospace sector has caused an increasing need for repair technology of damaged component rather than replacement with a new component [1][2][3][4]. Composite structures in service experience damage that comes from the accidental impact and mechanical or environmental condition [5,6]. The main environmental threats are related to the effect of temperature and moisture absorption, which can affect the strength of composite structures and reduce their service life [4,7,8]. The temperature and moisture levels could vary throughout the day (see Fig. 1), from take off to the landing or vice versa, during seasonal change or geographical difference [9]. This cyclic temperature and moisture could even further deteriorate the structures and then lead to premature failure of the structure. AbstractOver the last two decades, the repair of existing engineering structures using fiber reinforced polymer composites has attracted a great attention by aerospace industry, as it is more economical than replacing new. With an increased use of composite material in aerospace field, it is thus essential to restore the structural integrity by repair of damaged part. Concerns regarding the long term durability of composite repair bonded joints have been a major obstacle for critical component of aerospace structures. This paper reviews the current research on the environmental durability of adhesive bonded repair of composite structures to focus on the durability concerns and suggestion on the research needed in this area. The most important environmental factors (moisture and temperature) are reviewed thoroughly and also combined environmental effect. Finite element methods used to predict the environmental influence on the composite bonded joints are briefly reviewed. Finally, the paper concludes with key findings, opportunities and future research topics in order to develop cost effective, better quality and reliable composite repair bonded joints.

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confidence: 99%

Bonded repair of composite structures in aerospace application: a review on environmental issues

2018

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“…The immersion period was 2000 hours. The aging temperature was set to be significantly below the T g of each material, to ensure the only physical processes occur, avoiding any chemical changes …”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The aging temperature was set to be significantly below the T g of each material, to ensure the only physical processes occur, avoiding any chemical changes. 49,50 Specimens were kept immersed in deionized water until the stabilization of the moisture absorption mass (also named of infinite mass [M ∞ ]). A constant value in terms of maximum moisture absorption was observed for XNR6852 E-3 adhesive; as for the CFRP, it was not possible to achieve a full saturation; therefore, the maximum water uptake considered corresponds to the value of the final measurement.…”

Section: Hygrothermal Aging and Desorption Process Of Bulk Adhesivementioning

confidence: 99%

Fatigue performance of single lap joints with CFRP and aluminium substrates prior and after hygrothermal aging

Machado

Marques

Barbosa

et al. 2019

Fatigue Fract Eng Mat Struct

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Adhesive bonding has been extensively used to join composites and aluminium alloys in the automotive industry, but a deeper understanding of its fatigue behaviour is still required. This work presents a novel evaluation of the combined performance of joints manufactured with carbon fibre reinforced plastic (CFRP) and aluminium substrates subjected to fatigue loads in the unaged, hygrothermally aged, and dried after hygrothermal aging states. The experimental results allowed to conclude that the fatigue performance of joints can be affected by changes induced by the drying process or losses in the interface strength and that dissimilar combination of substrates sustains higher number of cycles to failure. The fatigue performance of joints with dissimilar substrates was found to be better than that of joints with similar substrates, which can be attributed to the lower stresses acting on the adhesive layer. The presence of water has also noticeably changed the fatigue performance of joints with dissimilar substrates.

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“…It is also pointed out that drying may partially recover the strength due to the reverse effect of plasticization while the irrecoverable strength is attributed to the 12 Concerning bonded joints, moisture is responsible for swelling the adhesive and lowering its glass-transition temperature (T g ). 13 Sugiman et al 14 verified that the mechanical properties of an adhesively bonded joint degraded in a linear way with the moisture content.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Interlaminar adhesion assessment of carbon-epoxy laminates under salt water ageing using peel tests

Arouche

Budhe

Freitas

et al. 2018

Proceedings of the IMechE

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The aim of this study is to assess the interlaminar adhesion of carbon-epoxy laminates under salt water condition. Carbon-epoxy laminate specimens were immersed in a salt water tank for 60 days. Some specimens were then dried at room temperature for 280 days, until recovering their initial weight. Specimens were tested using the composite peel test, an adaptation of the floating roller peel tests for composite materials. The results showed a degradation of peel strength in some areas due to the ageing process. The drying process did not affect the test results. A scanning electron microscopic analysis carried out on the fracture surface of the specimens revealed a typical mode I failure microstructure. A mixture of matrix failure and fibre/matrix interfacial failure was observed in non-aged specimens. Finally, a chemical characterization of the fracture surfaces with energy-dispersive spectroscopy confirmed the penetration of salt water in regions near the edge of the specimens. A degradation of the fibre/matrix interface adhesion was observed in affected areas. Floating roller peel tests proved to be a fast and effective method to access the interlaminar adhesion performance of composite laminates.

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A review on the temperature and moisture degradation of adhesive joints

Cited by 84 publications

References 83 publications

Bonded repair of composite structures in aerospace application: a review on environmental issues

Bonded repair of composite structures in aerospace application: a review on environmental issues

Fatigue performance of single lap joints with CFRP and aluminium substrates prior and after hygrothermal aging

Interlaminar adhesion assessment of carbon-epoxy laminates under salt water ageing using peel tests

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