A Review on the Synthesis and Characterization of Metal Organic Frameworks for Photocatalytic Water Purification

Abstract

This review analyzes the preparation and characterization of metal organic frameworks (MOFs) and their application as photocatalysts for water purification. The study begins by highlighting the problem of water scarcity and the different solutions for purification, including photocatalysis with semiconductors, such as MOFs. It also describes the different methodologies that can be used for the synthesis of MOFs, paying attention to the purification and activation steps. The characterization of MOFs and the different approaches that can be followed to learn the photocatalytic processes are also detailed. Finally, the work reviews literature focused on the degradation of contaminants from water using MOF-based photocatalysts under light irradiation.

Methylene Blue Photodegradation under Visible Irradiation on Ag-Doped ZnO Thin Films

“…The high concentration of organic dyes in wastewater has been a problem; synthetic dyes are recalcitrant compounds and are not completely degraded by conventional water treatments [1,2]. Currently, the search for efficient, cheap, and green treatment processes for wastewater is a challenge around the world.…”

A Review of Photocatalytic Water Purification with Metal Organic Frameworks

“…In this field, technologies like ultraor nanofiltration are able to remove macromolecules and biological matter, while inorganic ions can be separated by reverse osmosis. However, those processes are characterized by high power consumption, increasing operational costs [13]. The biological treatment of wastewater mainly includes the use of biological activated sludge for promoting the biochemical degradation routes of the different pollutants.…”

“…This is not the case for titanium dioxide (TiO2), the most used and researched photocatalyst. TiO2 has been utilized for both air and water purification [31,32]. This semiconductor is characterized by high activity in photocatalysis, besides high chemical stability and low biological toxicity [33,34].…”

Application of Various Metal-Organic Frameworks (MOFs) as Catalysts for Air and Water Pollution Environmental Remediation

“…In addition, Salama et al, reported an SO2 gas sensor while using an MOF [12]. Metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) have a wide range of interesting properties such as high specific surface area and facile modification [13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26]. MOFs are microporous materials that form three-dimensional (3D) crystalline networks, which are prepared by combining various metal ions with organic linkers in an appropriate solvent [27][28][29][30][31][32].…”