A Review on the Role of miR-1246 in the Pathoetiology of Different Cancers

Abstract

miR-1246 is a microRNA firstly recognized through application of a high throughput sequencing technique in human embryonic stem cells. Subsequent studies have shown the role of this microRNA in the carcinogenesis. miR-1246 has been found to exert oncogenic roles in colorectal, breast, renal, oral, laryngeal, pancreatic and ovarian cancers as well as melanoma and glioma. In lung, cervical and liver cancers, studies have reported contradictory results regarding the role of miR-1246. miR-1246 has been reported to regulate activity of RAF/MEK/ERK, GSK3β, Wnt/β-catenin, JAK/STAT, PI3K/AKT, THBS2/MMP and NOTCH2 pathways. In addition to affecting cell cycle progression and proliferation, miR-1246 can influence stemness and resistance of cancer cells to therapeutics. In the current review, we describe the summary of in vitro and in vivo studies about the influence of miR-1246 in carcinogenesis in addition to studies that measured expression levels of miR-1246 in clinical samples.

Circulating miR-1246 and miR-485-3p as Promising Biomarkers of Clinical Response and Outcome in Melanoma Patients Treated with Targeted Therapy

“…A large body of experimental evidence indicates that miR-1246 acts as an oncomiR in most, although not all, types of cancer, and that its expression in the tumor tissue and/or in patients’ plasma/serum can have a diagnostic and prognostic value [ 50 ]. Indeed, with respect to normal adjacent tissue, overexpression of miR-1246 has been described in breast, colorectal, lung and ovarian cancer, as well as in hepatocellular and oral squamous cell carcinoma [ 50 , 51 ]. Moreover, increased levels of miR-1246 have been detected in plasma/serum of patients with those types of cancer as compared with healthy controls [ 50 ].…”

“…Indeed, with respect to normal adjacent tissue, overexpression of miR-1246 has been described in breast, colorectal, lung and ovarian cancer, as well as in hepatocellular and oral squamous cell carcinoma [ 50 , 51 ]. Moreover, increased levels of miR-1246 have been detected in plasma/serum of patients with those types of cancer as compared with healthy controls [ 50 ]. In patients with colorectal, lung, esophageal and breast cancer and hepatocellular and oral squamous cell carcinoma, worse disease-free survival and/or OS were also found to be associated with high miR-1246 expression in the tumor tissue and/or in plasma/serum [ 50 , 51 ].…”

“…Moreover, increased levels of miR-1246 have been detected in plasma/serum of patients with those types of cancer as compared with healthy controls [ 50 ]. In patients with colorectal, lung, esophageal and breast cancer and hepatocellular and oral squamous cell carcinoma, worse disease-free survival and/or OS were also found to be associated with high miR-1246 expression in the tumor tissue and/or in plasma/serum [ 50 , 51 ]. An elevated level of circulating miR-1246 was also demonstrated to be a marker of therapy resistance in colorectal and breast cancer [ 52 , 53 ].…”

“…Similarly, Cooks et al [ 63 ] demonstrated that CRC cells with specific gain of function mutations in p53 can reprogram neighboring macrophages into a tumor-promoting state by releasing miR-1246-enriched exosomes. Several other target genes of miR-1246 involved in its oncogenic activity have been experimentally identified, including, among others, GSK3B (Glycogen Synthase Kinase 3 Beta) in lung cancer cells, SPRED2 (Sprouty Related EVH1 Domain Containing 2) in CRC cells, CADM1 (Cell Adhesion Molecule 1) in hepatocellular carcinoma cells [ 50 ], NFE2L3 (NFE2-like bZIP transcription factor 3) in breast cancer cells [ 51 ].…”

Altered microRNA Transcriptome in Cultured Human Airway Cells upon Infection with SARS-CoV-2

“…This was the case for RAS and MAPK signalling pathways which are involved in all fundamental processes of the cell, such as transcription, differentiation, proliferation, migration, and survival [52]. RAS is regulated by the let-7 miRNA family [53] which is among the 20 most expressed miRNAs in Calu-3 and among which 5 miRNAs were significantly downregulated at 24 h. MAPK is also controlled by miR-4728 [54] which was among the 3 most upregulated miRNAs at 24 h and 72 h. Additionally, the most upregulated miRNAs such as miR-1246 and miR-1290 have been reported to be potentially involved in fundamental cellular processes [55,56].…”