A Review on the Recent Progress of Layered Double Hydroxides (LDHs)-based Catalysts for Heterocyclic Synthesis

Abstract

Over the past decade, heterocyclic compounds and their derivatives have emerged as promising substances with potential pharmacological applications due to their interesting biological properties. The significance of heterocyclic compounds in drug discovery and development is evident from the fact that a majority of drugs in the pharmaceutical market incorporate heterocyclic compounds as active substances or ingredients. Various synthetic methods and advancements have been devised to prepare these heterocyclic compounds using diverse catalysts under mild conditions. Layered double hydroxides (LDHs)-based materials have gained considerable attention across different fields, and their usability can be significantly enhanced via the selection of metal cations, their molar ratios, surface complexation, and intercalation modifications. The synthesis and application of LDH-based materials as catalysts have garnered increasing interest due to their exceptional properties. Moreover, LDH-based materials have found extensive use as heterogeneous catalysts in the synthesis of numerous heterocyclic compounds. This review presents the latest developments in the catalytic application of LDH-based materials as solid heterogeneous catalysts in the synthesis of heterocyclic compounds, covering literature published from 2018 to 2023.