A review on the pharmacological activities and phytochemicals of Alpinia officinarum (Galangal) extracts derived from bioassay-guided fractionation and isolation

Abstract

The rhizomes of Alpinia officinarum Hance have been used conventionally for the treatment of various ailments, triggering a wide interest from the scientific research community on this ethnomedicinal plant. This review summarizes the phytochemical and pharmacological properties of the extracts and fractions from A. officinarum, a plant species of the Zingiberaceae family. Different parts of the plant – leaves, roots, rhizomes, and aerial parts – have been extracted in various solvents – methanol, ethanol, ethyl acetate, hexane, dichloromethane, aqueous, chloroform, and petroleum ether, using various techniques – Soxhlet extraction, maceration, ultrasonication, and soaking, whereas fractionation of the plant extracts involves the solvent–solvent partition method. The extracts, fractions, and isolated compounds have been studied for their biological activities – antioxidant, antibacterial, anti-inflammatory, anticancer, antiproliferative, inhibition of enzymes, as well as the inhibition of nitric oxide production. More findings on A. officinarum are certainly important to further develop potential bioactive drug compounds.

Anti-inflammatory evaluation of the methanolic extract of Taraxacum officinale in LPS-stimulated human umbilical vein endothelial cells

“…We also examined whether TO reduces ICAM-1 induction in LPS-stimulated endothelial cells, but could not repeat the findings of Hu et al [ 55 ] in this study. This might be due to the difference in solvents used for the TO extraction, because the solvent type is one of the most common factors affecting bioactive compounds in extraction processes [ 56 , 57 ]. Since acetylsalicylic acid, also known as Aspirin, is reported to suppress endothelial VCAM-1 induction [ 58 ], we compared the potency of TO with acetylsalicylic acid on VCAM-1 induction in LPS-stimulated HUVECs (Additional file 1 : Figure S1).…”

Global multi-omics and systems pharmacological strategy unravel the multi-targeted therapeutic potential of natural bioactive molecules against COVID-19: An in silico approach

“…The comprehensive information on 259 pharmacologically active compounds from J. adhatoda, O. sanctum, S. trilobatum, A. paniculata, Eucalyptus Sp., A. officinarum and P. amboinicus were collected from web sources and literature [ [14] , [15] , [16] , [17] , [18] , [19] , [20] , [21] , [22] ]. A list of pharmacologically active phytomolecules was given in Table 1 .…”

“…Justicia adhatoda , Ocimum sanctum , Solanum trilobatum , Andrographis paniculata , Eucalyptus Sp., Alpinia officinarum and Plectranthus amboinicus are some of the essential medicinal plants in traditional Indian medicines. These plants were used in traditional Ayurvedic medicines to treat the various respiratory tract diseases such as pharyngitis, bronchitis, sinusitis, asthma, cough, tuberculosis [ [14] , [15] , [16] , [17] , [18] , [19] , [20] , [21] , [22] ]. In addition, these plants are also used to treat skin diseases, wound healing, diabetes, dysentery, digestive and cardiovascular diseases.…”

“…In addition, these plants are also used to treat skin diseases, wound healing, diabetes, dysentery, digestive and cardiovascular diseases. The selected medicinal plants also possess a wide variety of pharmacological activities including antiviral, adaptogenic, antioxidant, anticancer, analgesic, anti-tussive, anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, and immune-modulator [ [14] , [15] , [16] , [17] , [18] , [19] , [20] , [21] , [22] ].…”

A review study on phytochemistry and pharmacology applications of Juglans Regia plant

“…Overproduction of ROS or reduced antioxidant defense may be involved in creating several dangerous diseases. [ 34 35 36 ] Green walnut husk extract shows a strong effect of lowering oxidative stress. The reduction capability of a compound is based on its potential antioxidant activity.…”