A review on the development of reinforced ice for use as a building material in cold regions

Vasiliev, NK Nicolai; Pronk, Arno; Shatalina, I. N.; Janssen, F J J G; Houben, Rwg Rémy

doi:10.1016/j.coldregions.2015.03.006

Cited by 77 publications

(26 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…When compared to concrete, such ice-wood composites are reported to have half the weight, while retaining an equivalent flexural strength (Li et al 2015). When compared to single phase ice, ice-wood composites can have up to a three-fold greater flexural and compressive strength (Vasiliev et al 2015). U.S. Army Engineer Research and Development Center-Cold Regions Research and Engineering Laboratory (ERDC-CRREL) research and those of others has demonstrated that the incorporation of high aspect ratio (l/w=15) fibers is associated with increased load bearing capacity in ice (Vasiliev et al 2015).…”

Section: Compacted Snow As a Runway Repair Materialsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…When compared to single phase ice, ice-wood composites can have up to a three-fold greater flexural and compressive strength (Vasiliev et al 2015). U.S. Army Engineer Research and Development Center-Cold Regions Research and Engineering Laboratory (ERDC-CRREL) research and those of others has demonstrated that the incorporation of high aspect ratio (l/w=15) fibers is associated with increased load bearing capacity in ice (Vasiliev et al 2015). In addition, we have discovered that the mechanisms by which fibers strengthen ice stems from their ability to arrest crack propagation during loading.…”

Section: Compacted Snow As a Runway Repair Materialsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Evaluation of airfield damage repair methods for extreme cold temperatures

Asenath‐Smith¹,

Melendy²,

Menke³

et al. 2019

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To address the need for expedient repair solutions for paved runways in cold environments, airfield damage repair Rapid Airfield Damage Recovery (RADR) materials were tested at temperatures down to-40 ºF. New materials and methods were developed to fill the identified performance gaps for conventional RADR materials. Simulated crater repairs were performed at-20 and-40 ºF. Folded fiber glass panels and hinges met the published tensile strength, but did not meet the required flexural strength. Fiberglass-reinforced polyester panels retained their 73 ºF tensile and flexural strengths down to-40 ºF. If required, foreign object debris covers can be used at temperatures below freezing, but further experimentation is needed to fully assess matting candidates at temperatures below 0 ºF. Geocell sidewalls and junctions showed an increased maximum force, with a tenfold decrease in the displacement before failure. Rapid setting flowable fill and polyurethane foam, prepared conventionally, were demonstrated as backfill materials at temperatures as low as 0 ºF. As a cap material, Rapid Set ® concrete can be placed using conventional techniques down to 17 ºF. Snow and ice materials were demonstrated as backfill materials below freezing and met the strength requirements for capping applications at temperatures down to-40 ºF. DISCLAIMER: The contents of this report are not to be used for advertising, publication, or promotional purposes. Citation of trade names does not constitute an official endorsement or approval of the use of such commercial products. All product names and trademarks cited are the property of their respective owners. The findings of this report are not to be construed as an official Department of the Army position unless so designated by other authorized documents.

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Section: Compacted Snow As a Runway Repair Materialsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Compacted Snow As a Runway Repair Materialsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of airfield damage repair methods for extreme cold temperatures

Asenath‐Smith¹,

Melendy²,

Menke³

et al. 2019

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“…Various polymeric cryogels are of substantial scientific interest as subjects for fundamental studies [ 1 , 3 , 4 , 5 , 10 ]. Also, these macroporous gels have high potential for many applications [ 1 , 3 , 4 , 9 , 11 , 12 , 13 , 14 , 15 , 16 , 17 , 18 , 19 , 20 , 21 , 22 , 23 , 24 , 25 , 26 , 27 ], such as their use in advanced materials for medicine, biotechnology, ecology, food technology, analytical systems, chemical catalysis, and so forth up to the implementation of special cryogels in construction engineering.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cryostructuring of Polymeric Systems †: Application of Deep Neural Networks for the Classification of Structural Features Peculiar to Macroporous Poly(vinyl alcohol) Cryogels Prepared without and with the Additives of Chaotropes or Kosmotropes

Kurochkin

Kolosova

et al. 2020

Molecules

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Macroporous poly(vinyl alcohol) cryogels (PVACGs) are physical gels formed via cryogenic processing of polymer solutions. The properties of PVACGs depend on many factors: the characteristics and concentration of PVA, the absence or presence of foreign solutes, and the freezing-thawing conditions. These factors also affect the macroporous morphology of PVACGs, their total porosity, pore size and size distribution, etc. In this respect, there is the problem with developing a scientifically-grounded classification of the morphological features inherent in various PVACGs. In this study PVA cryogels have been prepared at different temperatures when the initial polymer solutions contained chaotropic or kosmotropic additives. After the completion of gelation, the rigidity and heat endurance of the resultant PVACGs were evaluated, and their macroporous structure was investigated using optical microscopy. The images obtained were treated mathematically, and deep neural networks were used for the classification of these images. Training and test sets were used for their classification. The results of this classification for the specific deep neural network architecture are presented, and the morphometric parameters of the macroporous structure are discussed. It was found that deep neural networks allow us to reliably classify the type of additive or its absence when using a combined dataset.

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“…Moreover, sawdust is another popular reinforcing material for the modification of plain ice. Vasiliev et al [9] studied the compressive and flexural behaviors of ice specimens reinforced by sawdust, wood chips, and wood shavings at -18 • C. The test results revealed that the compressive and bending strengths of plain ice were enhanced from 3.18 and 1.24 MPa to 12.45 and 3.74 MPa, respectively, after introducing 10.5% sawdust in weight. However, the compressive strength of the reinforced ice is still weaker than that of normal concrete, which severely restricts its further application.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Based on previous researches on sawdust-reinforced ice [9] and concrete-filled flax FRP tubes (e.g., [35][36][37]), sawdust-reinforced ice-filled flax FRP tubular (SIFFT) columns are innovatively proposed in this paper to dramatically improve the compressive properties of plain ice. They are composed of flax FRP tubes filled with sawdust-reinforced ice.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Compressive Behavior of Circular Sawdust-Reinforced Ice-Filled Flax FRP Tubular Short Columns

et al. 2020

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Sawdust-reinforced ice-filled flax fiber-reinforced polymer (FRP) tubular (SIFFT) columns are newly proposed to be used as structural components in cold areas. A SIFFT column is composed of an external flax FRP tube filled with sawdust-reinforced ice. The compressive behavior of circular SIFFT short columns was systematically investigated. Four types of short columns with circular sections, including three plain ice specimens, three sawdust-reinforced ice specimens (a mixture of 14% sawdust and 86% ice in weight), nine plain ice-filled flax FRP tubular (PIFFT) specimens and nine SIFFT specimens, were tested to assess the concept of the innovative composite columns. The test variables were the thickness of flax FRP tubes and the type of ice cores. The test results indicated that the lateral dilation and the development of cracks of the ice cores were effectively suppressed by outer flax FRP tubes, thus causing a considerable enhancement in the compressive strength. Moreover, the compressive behavior, energy-absorption capacity, and anti-melting property of sawdust-reinforced ice cores were better than those of plain ice cores confined by flax FRP tubes with the same thicknesses. The proposed equations for estimating ultimate bearing capacities of PIFFT and SIFFT short columns were shown to provide reasonable and accurate predictions.

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A review on the development of reinforced ice for use as a building material in cold regions

Cited by 77 publications

References 11 publications

Evaluation of airfield damage repair methods for extreme cold temperatures

Evaluation of airfield damage repair methods for extreme cold temperatures

Cryostructuring of Polymeric Systems †: Application of Deep Neural Networks for the Classification of Structural Features Peculiar to Macroporous Poly(vinyl alcohol) Cryogels Prepared without and with the Additives of Chaotropes or Kosmotropes

Compressive Behavior of Circular Sawdust-Reinforced Ice-Filled Flax FRP Tubular Short Columns

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